GLYCOPROTEIN HORMONE OLIGOSACCHARIDES

糖蛋白激素低聚糖

• 批准号: 7577091
• 负责人: JACQUES U BAENZIGER
• 金额: $ 60.98万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-27 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7577091
• 关键词: Ablation; Accounting; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids; Area; Bacteriophages; Binding; Biochemical Genetics; Biological; Biological Assay; Blood; Brain; Carbohydrates; Complex; Computer-Assisted Image Analysis; Development; Estrogens; Family; Family member; Fertility; Gene Expression; Genetic; Glycoproteins; Grant; Half-Life; Hormonal; Hormone Receptor; Hormones; In Vitro; Inorganic Sulfates; Kidney; Kinetics; Libraries; Link; Location; Luteinizing Hormone; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Mannose; Mediating; Mus; N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases; Oligosaccharides; Pattern; Peptides; Pituitary Gland; Predisposition; Production; Progesterone; Property; Protein Region; Proteins; Regulation; Reproduction; Reproductive Behavior; Reproductive Biology; Role; Salivary Glands; Sexual Development; Sialic Acids; Sialyltransferases; Specificity; Structure; Structure-Activity Relationship; System; Testosterone; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyrotropin; Time; Tissues; Transferase; Unspecified or Sulfate Ion Sulfates; Ursidae Family; Welding; carbohydrate structure; family structure; glycosylation; hormone regulation; hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis; in vivo; insight; malignant breast neoplasm; member; novel; protein aminoacid sequence; protein structure; receptor; sugar; sulfotransferase; tool

The long-term objective of this grant is to define the biological significance of a family of unique N-linked carbohydrate structures that contain the sequence GalNAc􀁅1,4GlcNAc􀁅1,2Man􀁄-, rather than the sequence Gal􀁅1,4GlcNAc􀁅1,2Man􀁄- that is found on many glycoproteins. The 􀁅1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (􀁅GTs) that add GalNAc to this structure are protein-selective, recognizing specific amino acid sequences in the distinctive set of glycoproteins that become modified. When present in the substrate protein, the recognition sequences can increase the catalytic efficiency of GalNAc transfer to a carbohydrate acceptor 500 fold. The terminal GalNAc can remain unmodified or be substituted with SO4 to form terminal SO4-4-GalNAc or with Sialic acid (Sia) to form Sia􀁄2,6GalNAc. We have shown that glycoproteins such as luteinizing hormone (LH) that bear SO4-4-GalNAc are removed from the blood by the Mannose/GalNAc-4- SO4-receptor while those bearing either GalNAc or Sia􀁄2,6GalNAc are removed by the asialoglycoproteinreceptor. Using genetic strategies to alter the structure of the carbohydrates on LH, we have demonstrated that the precise structures of the carbohydrates determine the LH concentration in the blood and the amount of estrogen and testosterone that are produced. As a result sexual development and reproductive behavior are altered. We will characterize the recognition determinant in glycoprotein substrates that is utilized by the 􀁅GTs via a novel new assay system that allows us to determine the efficiency of GalNAc addition both in vivo and in vitro. We will also examine how different domains or regions of the protein-selective 􀁅GTs contribute to the selective addition of GalNAc to LH and other glycoproteins. Members of the family of GalNAc containing structures that we have characterized on LH and other pituitary glycoproteins are also found on glycoproteins produced in the brain, kidney, salivary glands, and other tissues. We will further define the impact of genetic ablation of the GalNAc-4-sulfotransferases on LH function as well as on kidney and brain functions. We will also define regulation of the expression of the transferases that mediate the synthesis of this family of structures. Their expression may change over the course of the hormonal cycle and at specific times during sexual development such as when sexual maturity is attained. We have clearly shown that changing the structures of the carbohydrates on LH has a significant impact on its in vivo function. We have demonstrated that the pattern of glycosylation is modulated in vivo. This is one of the first instances in which modulation of carbohydrate structures has been shown to have an impact in vivo. Defining precisely how this is regulated is critical for understanding reproductive biology and for understanding the role of glycosylation in modulating the properties of a wide range of glycoproteins such as hormones, receptors, and matrix components.

这项资助的长期目标是确定一个独特的n -连锁家族的生物学意义