Neighborhood and Family Effects on Disparities in Chronic Disease

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越多的证据表明，个人生活的社会和自然环境可能在种族/民族和社会经济地位的健康差异中发挥关键作用。本研究的目的是显著提高我们对儿童和青少年时期慢性病及其前体出现差异的特定家庭和邻里特征的作用的认识。该项目基于洛杉矶家庭和社区调查（L.A.FANS），这是一项对洛杉矶县社区、家庭、成人和儿童的纵向研究。第一波调查（L.A.FANS-1）于2002年1月完成，对洛杉矶县65个社区的3090个家庭的成人和儿童进行了抽样调查。第二批（L.A.FANS-2）已经投入使用，将于2008年完成。该项目将利用这些数据分析特定家庭和社区特征对哮喘、肥胖、葡萄糖代谢、高血压和代谢综合征的影响。这些疾病在人口中的发病率和重要性都在增加，是按种族/族裔和社会经济地位划分的总体健康差异的一个主要组成部分。公共卫生相关性：本研究将使用来自洛杉矶县健康纵向调查的新数据，检验关于家庭和社区特征对儿童慢性疾病差异影响的假设。研究结果将为减少种族/民族和社会经济地位在儿童时期和整个生命过程中的健康差异的原因和潜在策略提供新的信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is increasing evidence that the social and physical environments in which individuals live may play a key role in health disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. The goal of this study is to significantly advance our knowledge about the role of specific family and neighborhood characteristics for disparities in the emergence of chronic disease and its precursors during childhood and adolescence. This project is based on the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (L.A.FANS), a longitudinal study of neighborhoods, families, adults, and children in Los Angeles County. The first wave (L.A.FANS-1), completed in January 2002, interviewed adults and children living in 3,090 households in a stratified probability sample of 65 neighborhoods throughout Los Angeles County. The second wave (L.A.FANS-2) is in the field and will be completed in 2008. This project will use these data to analyze the effects of specific family and neighborhood characteristics on asthma, obesity, glucose metabolism, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. These conditions are increasing in prevalence and importance among the population and represent a major component of overall health disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will test hypotheses about the effects of family and neighborhood characteristics on disparities in chronic disease among children using new data from a longitudinal survey of health in Los Angeles County. The results will provide new information on the causes of and potential strategies to reduce race/ethnic and SES disparities in health during childhood and over the life- course.