The role of PRMT5 in preventing intra-chromosomal deletions in cancer cells

PRMT5 在预防癌细胞染色体内缺失中的作用

• 批准号: 10728560
• 负责人: Renee Bouley
• 金额: $ 7.88万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10728560
• 关键词: Acetyltransferase; Active Sites; Affect; Automobile Driving; BRCA1 gene; BRCA2 gene; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Catalogs; Cell Cycle; Cell Proliferation; Cells; Chromosomal Rearrangement; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosome abnormality; Complex; DNA Damage; DNA Double Strand Break; DNA Repair; DNA annealing; Data; Development; Direct Repeats; Double Strand Break Repair; Elements; Enzymes; Eukaryota; Event; Evolution; Excision; Fission Yeast; Frequencies; Gene Expression Regulation; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Recombination; Goals; HTATIP gene; Histones; Homology Modeling; Human; In Vitro; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Mediating; Methylation; Methyltransferase; Mitosis; Modeling; Mutate; Mutation; Mutation Analysis; Mutation Detection; Nonhomologous DNA End Joining; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Peptides; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Process; RAD52 gene; Repetitive Sequence; Reporting; Role; S phase; Side; Somatic Mutation; Techniques; Testing; Validation; Work; Yeasts; analog; arginine methyltransferase; artificial intelligence algorithm; brca gene; cancer cell; carcinogenesis; chromatin remodeling; design; driver mutation; enzyme activity; experimental study; gene repair; genetic information; homologous recombination; in vivo; innovation; metaplastic cell transformation; mutant; neoplastic cell; prevent; recombinational repair; repaired; response; small molecule inhibitor; yeast genetics

Project Summary/Abstract PRMT5 is an arginine methyltransferase with key roles in cancer. The gene has pleiotropic functions ranging from gene regulation and development to modulation of DNA double strand break (DSBs) repair. In S-phase and mitosis, DSBs are repaired primarily by homologous recombination (HR) a process in which missing genetic information is copied from another undamaged chromosomal region. In humans, error-free HR is mediated by BRCA1, BRCA2 and RAD51. RAD52, an accessory gene, facilitates an error-prone HR sub-pathway that can produce intrachromosomal deletions (ICDs). PRMT5 appears to modulate chromatin remodeling at the DSB through the error-free BRCA1/2-RAD51 pathway. In fission yeast (S. pombe), we identified physical and genetic interactions between PRMT5 and RAD52. Deletion of PRMT5 increases the frequency of ICDs while deletion of RAD52 decreases ICDs suggesting that they have opposite functions. In cancer cells PRMT5 mutations increases the size of ICDs. Using artificial intelligence algorithms, we discovered multiple likely pathogenic mutations including three driver mutations in the active site of PRMT5 that are likely to destabilize the function of the enzyme. We hypothesize that PRMT5 inhibits ICDs by biasing repair of DNA double strand breaks toward conservative pathways. We developed innovative in vivo assays to probe HR repair mechanisms that produce ICDs. The repair mechanisms and factors involved are conserved from yeast to humans making the S. pombe model system highly tractable. A homology analysis reveals that all identified human mutated residues are present in yeast. In Aim1 we will place PRMT5 in the DNA damage repair epistatic pathway using mutational analysis and sensitivity to various DNA damage drugs. Additionally, we will employ in vivo repair assays to understand the HR pathways by which ICDs are produced in the absence of the PRMT5 function. In Aim 2 we will analyze PRMT5 mutations identified in cancer cells using the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC). We will employ modeling techniques and enzymatic assays to test how these mutations affect the enzymatic function of PRMT5 and DSB repair. Most of these mutations are conserved in yeast making this analysis tractable. The findings will be further validated in human cells.

项目总结/摘要 PRMT 5是一种精氨酸甲基转移酶，在癌症中起关键作用。该基因具有多种功能， 从基因调控和发育到DNA双链断裂（DSB）修复的调节。在S期， 在有丝分裂中，DSB主要通过同源重组（HR）修复，在这一过程中，缺失的遗传基因 信息是从另一个未受损的染色体区域复制的。在人类中，无差错的HR由以下因素介导： BRCA 1、BRCA 2和RAD 51。RAD 52是一种辅助基因，它促进了一种易出错的HR子途径， 产生染色体内缺失（ICD）。PRMT 5似乎调节DSB的染色质重塑 通过无错误的BRCA 1/2-RAD 51通路。 在裂殖酵母（S. pombe），我们鉴定了PRMT 5和RAD 52之间的物理和遗传相互作用。删除 PRMT 5的缺失增加了ICD的频率，而RAD 52的缺失减少了ICD，这表明它们具有 相反的功能。在癌细胞中，PRMT 5突变增加了ICD的大小。利用人工智能 算法，我们发现了多个可能的致病突变，包括三个驱动突变的活性 PRMT 5的位点可能使酶的功能不稳定。 我们假设PRMT 5通过偏向修复DNA双链断裂来抑制ICD 走向保守的道路。 我们开发了创新的体内试验，以探测产生ICD的HR修复机制。修复 从酵母到人类，所涉及的机制和因子都是保守的，使S. pombe模型系统高度 听话同源性分析显示，所有鉴定的人突变残基都存在于酵母中。 在Aim 1中，我们将使用突变分析将PRMT 5置于DNA损伤修复上位性途径中， 对各种DNA损伤药物的敏感性。此外，我们将采用体内修复试验来了解 在PRMT 5功能缺失的情况下产生ICD的HR途径。在目标2中，我们将分析 使用癌症体细胞突变目录（COSMIC）在癌细胞中鉴定PRMT 5突变。我们 将采用建模技术和酶测定来测试这些突变如何影响酶功能 PRMT 5和DSB修复。这些突变中的大多数在酵母中是保守的，使得这种分析易于处理。的 研究结果将在人类细胞中得到进一步验证。