Examining Racial and Spatial Disparities in Harmful News Media Reporting on Community Firearm Violence

审视有害新闻媒体报道社区枪支暴力的种族和空间差异

• 批准号: 10788954
• 负责人: Jessica H Beard
• 金额: $ 22.08万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-23 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10788954
• 关键词: Area; Automobile Driving; Censuses; Characteristics; Cities; Collaborations; Communities; Consensus; Crime; Data; Data Set; Dehumanization; Delphi Technique; Development; Disadvantaged; Disparity; Distress; Elements; Epidemiologist; Ethics; Event; Firearms; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Gun injury; Health; Homicide; Hospitals; Incidence; Instruction; Interpersonal Violence; Investigation; Journalism; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Measures; Minor; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Neighborhoods; Participant; Persons; Philadelphia; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Poverty; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Role; Safety; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Severities; Shapes; Stereotyping; Structural Racism; Suicide; Suicide prevention; Surgeon; Television; Testing; Trauma; United States; Violence; Work; black men; community organizations; demographics; evidence base; experience; gun violence; health disparity; instrument; marginalization; marginalized population; mass shooting; multidisciplinary; news; novel; professor; racial population; response; sexual assault; social; social determinants; structural health determinants; suicide rate; violence prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY ______________________________________________________________________ Community firearm violence (CFV), defined as fatal and non-fatal shootings that result from interpersonal violence, disproportionately impacts people from structurally marginalized racial groups and occurs predominantly in communities where racist policies have resulted in systemic disinvestment. News media play a crucial role in shaping how the public and policy makers understand and respond to health threats, including firearm violence. Media typically present CFV through episodic crime reports, focused on single shooting events that depict violence as a “crime” issue, which can lead audiences to blame victims, reinforce racist stereotypes, and undermine public health responses. Our preliminary study with firearm-injured people identified that episodic crime narratives of their shootings felt dehumanizing to them and added to their trauma. Despite emerging research indicating that harmful reporting on CFV is a threat to public health that may further marginalize impacted people and communities, there is no consensus definition of harmful reporting on CFV, no instruments to measure harmful reporting on CFV, and no existing research on racial and spatial disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. These disparities are important to uncover, because if present, then modifying media approaches to limit harmful reporting is a potential target for mitigating structural racism, minimizing disparities in CFV incidence, and for CFV prevention. Past experience with suicide reporting indicates that when evidence- based journalistic guidelines are implemented, they can reduce harmful reporting, prevent suicide, and have a positive impact on public health. The proposed research will reduce existing gaps in scientific knowledge and contribute evidence to inform development of journalistic guidelines for reporting on CFV through the following specific aims: (1) Define harmful reporting on CFV. We will identify media approaches that are potentially harmful using the Delphi technique to achieve consensus among stakeholders identified in collaboration with partners at a community-based organization. (2) Develop and pilot a novel instrument to measure harmful reporting on CFV. We will measure the frequency and severity of harmful reporting elements identified in Aim 1 through iterative codebook development and content analysis of an existing dataset of Philadelphia television (TV) news coverage of CFV. (3) Evaluate racial and spatial disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. We will examine associations between shooting victim demographics, shooting location characteristics, and measures of harmful reporting. We hypothesize that TV news reports of firearm-injured young Black men who are shot in census block groups with more disadvantaged residents will contain more harmful elements than reports of other firearm-injured people and places. Consistent with the strategic goals of the NIMHD, this study will be the first to define and measure disparities in harmful reporting on CFV. We will establish the groundwork for a future R01 multi-city study to examine direct associations between harmful reporting and the incidence of CFV and to develop and test media approaches that minimize disparities in reporting and support public health responses to CFV.

项目 总结 ______________________________________________________________________ 社区枪支暴力（CFV），定义为致命和非致命的枪击事件，导致人际关系 暴力，不成比例地影响结构上边缘化的种族群体的人， 主要是在种族主义政策导致系统性撤资的社区。新闻媒体剧 在塑造公众和决策者如何理解和应对健康威胁方面发挥关键作用，包括 枪支暴力媒体通常通过情节性犯罪报道呈现CFV，重点关注单一枪击事件 将暴力描述为“犯罪”问题，这可能导致观众指责受害者，强化种族主义陈规定型观念， 并破坏公共卫生反应。我们对火器受伤者的初步研究表明， 对他们来说，关于枪击事件的犯罪叙述是不人道的，增加了他们的创伤。尽管出现了 研究表明，对CFV的有害报道是对公共健康的威胁，可能会进一步边缘化 受影响的人和社区，没有关于CFV有害报告的共识定义，没有文书 对CFV有害报道进行衡量，目前还没有关于有害报道中种族和空间差异的研究。 关于CFV发现这些差异很重要，因为如果存在， 限制有害报道的办法是减轻结构性种族主义、最大限度地缩小差异的一个潜在目标， CFV发病率和CFV预防。以往的自杀报告经验表明，当证据- 实施基于新闻准则，它们可以减少有害报道，防止自杀， 对公共卫生产生积极影响。拟议的研究将缩小科学知识方面的现有差距， 通过以下方式提供证据，为CFV报道的新闻指南的制定提供信息 具体目标：（1）界定关于CFV的有害报道。我们将确定可能有害的媒体方法 利用德尔菲技术，在与合作伙伴合作确定的利益攸关方之间达成共识， 一个社区组织。(2)开发和试行一种新的工具，以衡量关于CFV的有害报道。 我们将通过迭代方法， 费城电视新闻报道现有数据集的码本开发和内容分析 的CFV。(3)评估CFV有害报道中的种族和空间差异。我们将研究 枪击受害者的人口统计数据，枪击地点的特点，和有害报告的措施之间的关系。 我们假设电视新闻报道的枪支受伤的年轻黑人男子谁是在人口普查块组枪杀 与更多的弱势居民将包含更多的有害元素比其他火器受伤的报告 人和地方。与NIMHD的战略目标一致，这项研究将是第一个定义和 衡量对CFV有害报道的差异。我们将为未来的R 01多城市奠定基础 研究有害报道与CFV发生率之间的直接联系， 测试媒体方法，最大限度地减少报告中的差异，并支持对CFV的公共卫生反应。