SOCIAL AND ACOUSTIC DETERMINANTS OF VOCAL LEARNING

声乐学习的社会和声学决定因素

• 批准号: 2254877
• 负责人: MARTHA L CHAIKEN
• 金额: $ 3.76万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIV OF NJ NEWARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-01 至 1998-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2254877
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; animal developmental psychology; learning; psychoacoustics; sex behavior; songbirds; vocalization

The aim of the proposed research is to define the roles of imitation and non-vocal social interaction in vocal learning. The subjects are songbirds, which employ a system of complex vocal signals and are among the few animals that exhibit vocal learning. Studies of avian vocal development have made major contributions to our understanding of the perceptual, endocrinological, and neuroanatomical bases of learning in higher vertebrates. The classic account of song learning, which provides the foundation for all this research, emphasizes the imitation of acoustic models as the primary means by which birds learn their songs. More recently, social interaction has been shown to exert major effects on the learning process. These two bodies of research have yet to be integrated into an updated account of vocal development that delineates the respective contributions of social and acoustic influences. The construction of such an account is the broad objective of the proposed research. Three experiments are proposed. Experiment 1 aims to determine what social interaction can contribute to vocal development in the absence of vocal input from a conspecific. Young starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, will be raised with devocalized companions and their songs compared with songs developed by birds reared in previous experiments either in isolation or with a wild-caught singing adult. Experiment 2 aims to identify specific aspects of the social environment that contribute to vocal learning. The behavioral interactions of young birds and their tutors will be observed, and multivariate techniques will be employed to test whether the behavioral measures can predict features of the young birds' songs--i.e., the extent to which they develop species-typical repertoires and syntax. Experiment 3 aims to develop a means of assessing the functional effectiveness of songs acquired under differing conditions of social and acoustic stimulation. This will be accomplished in two ways: (a) Songs recorded from starlings reared under differing conditions of social and acoustic stimulation will be played to estrogen-primed females. If the females exhibit precopulatory displays, as have been elicited in other species in response to playbacks, the number and intensity of the displays can be used as an indication of a song's effectiveness in mate attraction. (b) Starlings will be trained to discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific songs, using an operant procedure. They will then be presented with songs recorded from birds reared under varying experimental conditions. The subjects' categorization of a song will give an indication of its effectiveness in providing a basis for species recognition.

这项研究的目的是确定模仿的作用， 非声乐社会互动在声乐学习。 研究对象为 鸣禽采用复杂的声音信号系统，属于 是少数几种能学习发声的动物 鸟类发声研究 发展作出了重大贡献，我们的理解， 认知、内分泌和神经解剖学基础 高等脊椎动物 歌曲学习的经典描述，它提供了 所有这些研究的基础，强调模仿声学 作为鸟类学习歌曲的主要手段。 更 最近，社会互动已被证明对 学习过程 这两方面的研究还有待整合 到一个更新的帐户声乐发展，描绘了 社会和声学影响的各自贡献。 的 建立这样一个账户是拟议的 research. 提出了三个实验。 实验1旨在确定 什么样的社会互动可以促进声音的发展， 来自同种的声音输入。 年轻的椋鸟，普通椋鸟， 将与非本地化的同伴和他们的歌曲相比， 在以前的实验中饲养的鸟类发展的歌曲， 与世隔绝或与一个野生捕获的唱歌的成年人在一起。 实验2旨在 确定社会环境的具体方面， 声乐学习 幼鸟的行为相互作用及其 导师将被观察，多元技术将被采用， 测试行为测量是否可以预测年轻人的特征 鸟鸣--即，它们在多大程度上发展出了 剧目和语法。 实验3旨在开发一种评估方法 在不同条件下获得的歌曲的功能有效性 社交和听觉刺激的方式。 这将在两个 方式：（a）在不同条件下饲养的椋鸟记录的歌曲 社会和声音刺激将发挥雌激素启动 女性 如果雌性动物表现出交配前的表现， 在其他物种中引起对回放的反应， 显示器的强度可以用作歌曲的 对配偶吸引力的影响(b)椋鸟将被训练成 使用 操作程序 然后，他们将收到来自 在不同的实验条件下饲养的鸟类。 受试者的 一首歌的分类将给出其有效性的指示， 为物种识别提供基础。

项目成果

Effects of social interaction on the development of starling song and the perception of these effects by conspecifics.

社会互动对八哥鸣叫发展的影响以及同种人对这些影响的感知。

• DOI: 10.1037/0735-7036.111.4.379
• 发表时间: 1997
• 期刊: Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)
• 作者: Chaiken,M;Gentner,TQ;Hulse,SH
• 通讯作者: Hulse,SH