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Women's physical activity and eating habits: Influence of work-family balance

女性体力活动和饮食习惯：工作与家庭平衡的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8007447
负责人：
Sara A Quandt
金额：
$ 27.98万
依托单位：
WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-12-01 至 2012-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8007447
关键词：
Adult Affect Age Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Belief Cessation of life Characteristics Child Child Rearing Chronic Chronic Disease Conflict (Psychology)Data Diet Habits Disadvantaged Disease Eating Behavior Education Effectiveness Employment Equilibrium Exercise Family Food Goals Habits Health Health Promotion and Education Heart Diseases Holidays Hour Individual Intervention Life Life Style Link Measures Mediating Modeling Persons Physical activity Play Policies Population Public Health Race Reliance Research Research Design Resources Role Sampling Schedule School-Age Population Schools Self Care Shapes Time Translating Variant Woman Women&apos s Health Work Working Women Workplace aged base cohort design effective intervention flexibility health disparity improved meetings novel strategies premature programs psychologic success therapy design

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Physical activity and eating habits are believed to play a role in several chronic conditions, and they are claimed to be among the major causes of premature death. Despite widespread public health initiatives, attempts to promote healthy physical activity and eating habits have met with limited success, particularly among women of early child-rearing age as well as Black women and women with little formal education. The goal of this project is to determine the value of targeting work-family balance in workplace-based interventions designed to promote healthy physical activity and eating habits. This project is designed to accomplish to primary specific aims: 1) determine if difficulty balancing work and family (e.g., high work-family conflict) predicts women's level of physical activity (e.g., number of steps per day) and unhealthy eating behaviors (e.g., greater use of commercially-prepared foods); and 2) determine if within-person effects of work-family balance on physical activity and unhealthy eating behaviors differ by race or educational attainment. Additionally, the project was designed to accomplish two secondary aims: 3) evaluate the degree to which the effects of work-family balance on physical activity and unhealthy eating habits are explained (i.e., mediated) by time availability and psychological strain; and 4) determine if family-friendly work characteristics are associated with physical activity and eating habits. The aims of the project will be accomplished by collected repeated-measures data from a cohort of 400 women, stratified by race and educational attainment, and whose oldest child is aged 4 to 9. The project is guided by a conceptual framework arguing that women, particularly Black women and those with little education prioritize their work and family lives over their own self care. Data will be collected at 4 points across one year to capture natural rhythms in women's lives, including those imposed by their child's school schedule (e.g., holiday breaks). Analyses will use a General Linear Mixed Model approach to determine if within-person variation in work-family balance is associated with within-person variation in women's physical activity and eating habits. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The results of this study can be used to improve pubic health. Specifically, the results will provide new information that can be used to shape employment policies, such as those focused on curbing long work hours or those that promote employers' use of flexible scheduling. The results can also be used to inform workplace programs designed to promote healthy physical activity and eating habits.

描述（由申请人提供）：身体活动和饮食习惯被认为在多种慢性疾病中发挥着作用，并且据称它们是过早死亡的主要原因之一。尽管采取了广泛的公共卫生举措，但促进健康身体活动和饮食习惯的努力却取得了有限的成功，特别是在育儿年龄较早的妇女以及黑人妇女和几乎没有受过正规教育的妇女中。该项目的目标是确定在旨在促进健康的身体活动和饮食习惯的工作场所干预措施中以工作与家庭平衡为目标的价值。该项目旨在实现主要的具体目标：1）确定平衡工作和家庭的困难（例如，工作与家庭的高度冲突）是否可以预测女性的体力活动水平（例如，每天的步数）和不健康的饮食行为（例如，更多地使用商业食品）； 2) 确定工作与家庭平衡对身体活动和不健康饮食行为的个人影响是否因种族或教育程度而异。此外，该项目旨在实现两个次要目标：3）评估工作与家庭平衡对身体活动和不健康饮食习惯的影响在多大程度上通过时间可用性和心理压力来解释（即介导）； 4) 确定家庭友好型工作特征是否与身体活动和饮食习惯相关。该项目的目标将通过从 400 名女性群体中收集重复测量数据来实现，这些女性按种族和教育程度分层，最大的孩子年龄为 4 至 9 岁。该项目以一个概念框架为指导，该框架认为女性，特别是黑人女性和受教育程度较低的女性将工作和家庭生活置于自我照顾之上。将在一年内的 4 个时间点收集数据，以捕捉女性生活中的自然节奏，包括孩子的学校时间表（例如假期）所施加的节奏。分析将使用一般线性混合模型方法来确定工作与家庭平衡的人内差异是否与女性身体活动和饮食习惯的人内差异相关。公共健康相关性：本研究的结果可用于改善公共健康。具体来说，研究结果将提供可用于制定就业政策的新信息，例如侧重于限制长时间工作的政策或促进雇主使用灵活排班的政策。研究结果还可用于为旨在促进健康身体活动和饮食习惯的工作场所计划提供信息。