NEURAL MODULATION OF HEARING LOSSES INDUCED BY LOUD SOUND

大声引起的听力损失的神经调节

• 批准号: nhmrc : 236875
• 负责人: Prof Ramesh Rajan
• 金额: $ 19.37万
• 依托单位: Monash University
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2003-01-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/neural-modulation-hearing-loud-sound/100869
• 关键词: NEURAL; MODULATION; HEARING; LOSSES; INDUCED

Loud sounds, from occupational and recreational sources, are the most common threat to hearing and can result in temporary hearing losses (as might be experienced after an evening at a noisy pub or concert) or permanent hearing losses (after prolonged or multiple loud sounds, as for example in a noisy work environment). Noise reduction programs are either not always possible or effectively applied. A parallel strategy is the study of biological mechanisms that may ameliorate hearing damage, with a view to optimising such mechanisms. I propose to build on seminal Australian work to examine how one such system, nerves from the brain to the inner ear (the site of most damage from loud sounds), modulates hearing losses caused by loud sounds. Early studies indicated these nerves could protect from damage induced by short-lasting loud sound and this has led to international interest in functional applications of such protection to reduce hearing damage suffered by humans. However, my recent work indicates the nerves exert complex protective and exacerbative effects to loud sounds similar to common trauma or occurring under conditions similar to common trauma. They even exacerbate hearing losses due to loud sound, especially when there is an imbalance in hearing sensitivity in the two ears (bilateral) similar to what is common in humans. These findings make it critical that functional application be delayed until the full range of effects exerted by the nerves is understood. I propose to elucidate the novel complex effects of these nerves to loud sound. Specific aims are: (1) To understand effects of these pathways to loud sounds like those encountered by humans, (2) To investigate how chronic imbalanced bilateral hearing sensitivity, like that common in humans, alters effects of the nerves and when they change from being protective to exacerbative, (3) To adduce how an atraumatic sound affects hearing losses due to later loud sound and the role played by these nerves.

来自职业和娱乐来源的响亮声音是对听力最常见的威胁，可能导致暂时性听力损失（如在嘈杂的酒吧或音乐会后可能会经历的）或永久性听力损失（在长时间或多次响亮的声音后，例如在嘈杂的工作环境中）。降噪方案要么不总是可行的，要么不总是有效的。一个平行的战略是研究可能改善听力损伤的生物机制，以期优化这些机制。我建议以澳大利亚的开创性工作为基础，研究这样一个系统，即从大脑到内耳（大声音造成的最大损伤部位）的神经，如何调节由大声音引起的听力损失。早期的研究表明，这些神经可以保护免受由短暂的响亮声音引起的损伤，这导致了国际上对这种保护的功能应用的兴趣，以减少人类遭受的听力损伤。然而，我最近的工作表明，神经对类似于普通创伤或在类似于普通创伤的条件下发生的响亮声音产生复杂的保护和加重作用。它们甚至会加剧由于大声而导致的听力损失，特别是当两只耳朵（双侧）的听力灵敏度不平衡时，类似于人类常见的情况。这些发现使得延迟功能性应用变得至关重要，直到神经所施加的全部影响被理解。我打算阐明这些神经对响亮声音的新奇的复杂影响。具体目标是：（1）了解这些途径对人类遇到的响亮声音的影响，（2）调查慢性不平衡的双侧听力敏感性，如人类常见的，如何改变神经的影响，以及它们何时从保护性变为恶化性，（3）提出非创伤性声音如何影响听力损失，由于后来的响亮声音和这些神经所扮演的角色。