MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF HEART RHYTHM DISORDERS

心律失常的数学模型

• 批准号: 8364176
• 负责人: Xiaopeng Zhao
• 金额: $ 0.16万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8364176
• 关键词: Area; Behavior; Biological; Biomedical Research; Blood; Cardiac; Cells; Cessation of life; Chemicals; Complex; Disease; Feeling; Funding; Grant; Heart; Heart Atrium; High Performance Computing; Investigation; Ion Channel; Left; Mechanics; Modeling; Monitor; Muscle Contraction; National Center for Research Resources; Nonlinear Dynamics; Organ; Patients; Principal Investigator; Property; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Risk; Sinus; Source; Stroke; System; Techniques; Tissues; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Ventricular Fibrillation; cost; heart rhythm; improved; mathematical model; multi-scale modeling; prevent; sudden cardiac death; tool

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The heart is a complex nonlinear system, whose function involves the interaction between mechanical contractions and waves of electrochemical excitation. Heartbeats are the result of the nonlinear behaviors of these electrical and mechanical functions. During normal heartbeats, the waves of excitation generate a coordinated contraction of the muscle, known as normal sinus rhythm. In some situations, the orderly waves develop into a complex dynamical state known as fibrillation, which leads to disorganized muscle contractions. Fibrillation in the atria, although not lethal, leaves a patient feeling tired and may increase the risk of stroke. On the other hand, ventricular fibrillation is more dreadful. During ventricular fibrillation, disorganized contractions of the ventricles fail to eject blood effectively, leading to death within a few minutes if left untreated. Ventricular fibrillation is the main cause of sudden cardiac death, which claims 300,000-400,000 lives a year in the United States. A complete understanding of heart rhythm disorders requires a system-levels investigation on the interaction between electrical, chemical, and mechanical activities on biological scales ranging from ion channels to single cells to multi-cellular tissue and organ. While it is difficult if not impossible to monitor and control all these factors in the lab, mathematical modeling provides a useful tool for this purpose. A systems-level understanding of cardiac nonlinear dynamics will not only improve the ability to predict and prevent lethal heart rhythms but also drives the advance of techniques of mathematical modeling in areas such as model reduction, emergent properties, and multiscale modeling.

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 心脏是一个复杂的非线性系统，其功能涉及机械收缩和电化学兴奋波之间的相互作用。心跳是这些电气和机械功能的非线性行为的结果。在正常心跳期间，兴奋波产生肌肉的协调收缩，称为正常窦性心律。在某些情况下，有序的波会发展成一种复杂的动力学状态，称为纤颤，这会导致无序的肌肉收缩。房颤虽然不是致命的，但会让患者感到疲倦，并可能增加中风的风险。另一方面，室颤更可怕。在室颤期间，无序的脑室收缩不能有效地排出血液，如果不治疗，会导致几分钟内死亡。室颤是心源性猝死的主要原因，在美国，每年有30万至40万人死于心源性猝死。对心律失常的完整理解需要对从离子通道到单细胞到多细胞组织和器官的生物尺度上的电、化学和机械活动之间的相互作用进行系统水平的研究。虽然在实验室中监视和控制所有这些因素即使不是不可能，也是困难的，但数学建模为此目的提供了有用的工具。在系统水平上了解心脏非线性动力学，不仅可以提高预测和预防致命性心律失常的能力，而且可以推动数学建模技术在模型降阶、涌现特性和多尺度建模等方面的进步。