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Rediscovery of the Nucleolinus

核仁的重新发现

基本信息

批准号：
8321513
负责人：
MARK Collin ALLIEGRO
金额：
$ 31.43万
依托单位：
MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8321513
关键词：
Ablation Animals Asterias Attention Behavior Biogenesis Biological Models Cancerous Cell Nucleolus Cell Nucleus Cell division Cell physiology Cell-Free System Cells Centrosome Clams Cytoplasm Data Epithelial Cells Exposure to Felis catus Formol Ground Substance Histocytochemistry Human In Situ Intestines Knowledge Lasers Lead Libraries Link Marine Invertebrates Medicine Meiosis Microtubule-Organizing Center Microtubules Mitosis Modeling Modification Molecular Probes Names Neoplastic Cell Transformation Nuclear Envelope Oocytes Organelles Physiology Play Positioning Attribute Preparation Process Prophase Publishing Rana Reporting Research Personnel Role Science Silver Silver Nitrate Site Somatic Cell Staining method Stains Starfish Structure Techniques Testing Tissues abstracting base cell type egg forgetting nudibranch prevent research study tumor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The nucleolinus is an organelle present in many, if not all cells. Its behavior during mitosis and neoplastic transformation led early investigators to propose a role in cell division. Yet, more than 100 years since its discovery, virtually nothing is known about the composition or function of the nucleolinus. Because it is closely apposed to the nucleolus and not easily visible in most cells, it is often mistaken as a part of the nucleolus. Fortunately, there are some cells, such as surf clam (Spisula solidissima) oocytes, in which the nucleolinus is prominent. Such exceptions provide clues to a role for the nucleolinus in cell physiology and opportunities to study function. Using Spisula oocytes as a model system, we have made three observations that potentially link the nucleolinus to the centrosome, the principle microtubule organizing center of animal cells. First is that centrosomal RNAs are specifically localized to the nucleolinus before centrosome formation. Second, the last visible position of the nucleolinus during meiosis coincides with the site of the meiotic spindle pole, where the centrosome organizes astral and spindle microtubules in preparation for cell division. Third, preliminary experiments in which the nucleolinus was ablated before centrosome formation resulted in a blockage of meiosis. These observations lead us to hypothesize that the nucleolinus is required for de novo centrosome formation. The Spisula oocyte model will be used to test this hypothesis in two complementary approaches: 1) laser ablation of the nucleolinus in situ followed by examination of its effects on assembly of centrosomes and other components of the cell division apparatus; 2) analysis of centrosome formation from isolated nucleolini in a cell-free system. We anticipate that these experiments will delineate a model in which the nucleolinus is activated by exposure to oocyte cytoplasm, and then functions in forming the first oocyte centrosome(s). Such a finding would represent a fundamental advance in our understanding of centrosome biogenesis and have broad implications for cell and biomedical sciences.

描述（由申请人提供）：核仁是存在于许多（如果不是所有）细胞中的细胞器。它在有丝分裂和肿瘤转化过程中的行为使早期研究人员提出了在细胞分裂中的作用。然而，自发现以来的100多年里，人们对核仁的组成或功能几乎一无所知。由于它与核仁紧密贴壁，在大多数细胞中不易观察到，因此常被误认为是核仁的一部分。幸运的是，有一些细胞，如海蛤卵母细胞，其中核仁是突出的。这些例外为核仁在细胞生理学中的作用提供了线索，并为研究功能提供了机会。使用Spisula卵母细胞作为模型系统，我们已经做了三个观察，潜在的连接核仁的中心体，原则微管组织中心的动物细胞。首先是中心体RNA在中心体形成之前特异性地定位于核仁。第二，核仁在减数分裂过程中最后可见的位置与减数分裂纺锤体极的位置一致，中心体在那里组织星形和纺锤体微管，为细胞分裂做准备。第三，在中心体形成之前切除核仁的初步实验导致减数分裂的阻断。这些观察使我们假设核仁是从头中心体形成所必需的。将使用Spisula卵母细胞模型以两种互补方法来检验这一假设：1）原位激光消融核仁，然后检查其对中心体和细胞分裂器的其他组分的组装的影响; 2）分析在无细胞系统中从分离的核仁形成中心体。我们预期这些实验将描绘一个模型，其中核仁被激活暴露于卵母细胞的细胞质，然后在形成第一个卵母细胞中心体的功能。这一发现将代表我们对中心体生物发生理解的根本性进步，并对细胞和生物医学科学产生广泛影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Localization of rRNA transcribed spacer domains in the nucleolinus and maternal procentrosomes of surf clam (Spisula) oocytes.

rRNA 转录间隔区在北蛤 (Spisula) 卵母细胞核仁和母体原中心体中的定位。

DOI：
10.4161/rna.23548
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
RNA biology
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Alliegro,MarkC;Alliegro,MaryAnne
通讯作者：
Alliegro,MaryAnne

The Nucleolinus: A disappearing, forgotten and (maybe) misnamed organelle.

核仁：一种正在消失、被遗忘并且（可能）被错误命名的细胞器。

DOI：
10.4161/cib.4.2.14545
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
Communicative & integrative biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Alliegro,MarkC
通讯作者：
Alliegro,MarkC

High-throughput optofluidic system for the laser microsurgery of oocytes.

用于卵母细胞激光显微手术的高通量光流控系统。

DOI：
10.1117/1.jbo.17.1.015001
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Journal of biomedical optics
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Chandsawangbhuwana,Charlie;Shi,LindaZ;Zhu,Qingyuan;Alliegro,MarkC;Berns,MichaelW
通讯作者：
Berns,MichaelW