NATIONAL HIB BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE (NHBS) SYSTEM

描述（由申请人提供）：国家艾滋病毒行为监测（NHBS）系统的目的是在艾滋病毒/艾滋病高发地区以人群为基础的、具有代表性的个体样本中，检查人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染前危险行为的流行程度。在各州和地区中，华盛顿特区新报告的艾滋病病例发病率最高，2005年每10万人中有128例；它在大都市区中排名第三。异性性接触是最常见的传播方式（31%），其次是男男性行为者（MSM）（27%）和注射药物使用（IDU）（18%）。卫生部/艾滋病毒/艾滋病管理局（DOH/HAA）和乔治华盛顿大学（GWU）建立了公共卫生/学术伙伴关系，以成功实施nhhs - het -1，在最高限度地保护人类受试者、保护监测数据和社区参与的情况下实现累积目标；卫生部/HAA将继续与GWU合作开展NHBS-2。其他对公共卫生具有重要意义的伙伴关系成就包括卫生部/HAA与GWU教职员工、社区成员、公共卫生硕士学生和双语采访者之间的合作；与当地艾滋病毒护理组织、社区倡导团体、社区委员会和预防机构建立积极有效的社区关系；建立一个活跃的社区咨询委员会。该伙伴关系为当前和下一代公共卫生专业人员的培训和专业发展提供了独特的机会。在nsbs -2的研究中，将进行三项连续的横断面研究，重点关注MSM、IDU和异性恋者在HIV感染（HET）高危人群中的年度连续研究。在机构审查委员会批准后，对于每个数据收集年，将进行广泛的定性评估，包括人种学评估和二次数据审查，以告知具有文化能力和有效的研究实施方法。每个研究年度将采用基于地点、时间和空间抽样或受访者驱动抽样的方式招募至少500名参与者；调查实施和艾滋病毒检测将由训练有素的工作人员在固定和移动地点进行。每月将HIV血清阳性率、风险和检测行为数据转发给疾病预防控制中心。数据的快速分析和传播将使我们了解华盛顿特区大都市区居民的行为以及预防策略。通过参与“全民健康服务计划-2”，我们将共同实现“健康人2010”的目标，并为公众的健康和福利作出贡献。

Description (provided by applicant): The purpose of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) system is to examine the prevalence of risk behaviors antecedent to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in a population-based, representative sample of individuals in areas with high HIV/AIDS rates. Washington, DC has the highest prevalence of newly reported AIDS cases of states and territories, with 128 cases per 100,000 in 2005; it ranks third among metropolitan areas. Heterosexual contact is the most frequently reported mode of transmission (31%), followed by men who have sex with men (MSM) (27%), and injection drug use (IDU) (18%). The Department of Health/HIV/AIDS Administration (DOH/HAA) and George Washington University (GWU) formed a Public Health/Academic Partnership to successfully implement NHBS-HET-1, meeting accrual goals with the highest regard for human subjects protection, protection of surveillance data, and community involvement; DOH/HAA will continue the Partnership with GWU to conduct NHBS-2. Other Partnership accomplishments of public health importance include collaborations among DOH/HAA and GWU faculty and staff, community members, MPH students, and bilingual interviewers; development of positive and effective community relationships with local HIV care organizations, community advocacy groups, neighborhood councils, and prevention agencies; development of an active Community Advisory Board. The Partnership provides a unique opportunity for the training and professional development of the current and next generation of public health professionals. In the proposed study for NHBS-2, three serial cross-sectional studies will be conducted, focusing on MSM, IDU, and heterosexuals at high risk for HIV infection (HET) in annual succession. For each data collection year, following Institutional Review Board approval, an extensive qualitative evaluation including an ethnographic assessment and secondary data review will be conducted to inform culturally competent and effective methods for study implementation. A minimum of 500 participants for each study year will be recruited using either venue-based, time and space sampling or respondent-driven sampling; survey implementation and HIV testing will be conducted by trained staff in fixed and mobile sites. HIV seroprevalence, risk, and testing behavior data will be forwarded to CDC monthly. Rapid analysis and dissemination of data will inform our understanding of behavior among residents of the metropolitan Washington, DC area as well as prevention strategies. Through the District's participation in NHBS-2, we will together meet the Healthy People 2010 objectives, and contribute to the public health and welfare overall.