A study of avidity of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)antibody and multiple copies of capsulation loci in the strains as possible factors of Hib vaccine failure in Japan.

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Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)occasionally causes invasive bacterial diseases such as meningitis especially among young children. In recent years, vaccine failure associated with multiple amplification of the capsulation(capb)locus has been increasingly reported in Europe. We examined Hib strains from Japanese children with Hib meningitis and founded that the proportion of strains with three or four copies of the capb locus already exist before the popularization of Hib vaccination.