Diet and metabolic risks: joint drivers of global epidemiologic transition

饮食和代谢风险：全球流行病学转变的共同驱动因素

• 批准号: 9388403
• 负责人: Gitanjali Singh
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9388403
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Award; Biological; Biometry; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Complex; Computing Methodologies; Country; Data; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Component; Dietary Factors; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Practices; Doctor' s Degree; Education; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiologic Factors; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Faculty; Fishes; Gender; Glucose; Grant; Health; Health Policy; Homeostasis; Income; Individual; Inequality; Insulin; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Learning; Lipids; Mediating; Mentors; Meta-Analysis; Metabolic; Methodology; Methods; Nutritional; Nuts; Pathway interactions; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Program Development; Prospective cohort study; Public Health; Public Speaking; Publications; Publishing; Randomized Controlled Trials; Relative Risks; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Scientist; Secure; Seeds; Series; Serum; Socioeconomic Factors; Time; Training; Universities; Urbanization; Work; Writing; analytical method; base; burden of illness; cardiometabolic risk; cardiovascular disorder risk; career; career development; disorder risk; fruits and vegetables; global health; health disparity; insight; low and middle-income countries; mortality; multilevel analysis; novel; prevent; programs; randomized trial; sex; skills; social; socioeconomics; stem; systematic review; tenure track

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background - Diet and its effects on metabolic risk factors are key drivers of the global epidemiologic transition. However, few studies have quantitatively assessed the complex interrelationships between dietary and metabolic risk factors, their combined effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, their associations with macro-socioeconomic variables, and their influence on global health disparities in the context of the epidemiologic transition. Scientific Objectives- 1) To study the inter- relationship between individual dietary and metabolic risk factors in the context of overall diet, 2) To develop sophisticated and robust analytical methods for quantifying the combined effects of diet and metabolic risks on CVD and diabetes, 3) To examine how dietary and metabolic risk factors are influenced by macro- socioeconomic factors such as urbanization, income inequality, and education, and 4) to evaluate how diet, metabolic risk factors, and their relationship to macro-socioeconomic factors contribute to health disparities globally. Scientific and Public Health Impact - This work will provide key insights into the relationships between diet, metabolic risk, and macro-socioeconomic determinants of health and their combined impacts on CVD and diabetes within the context of the global epidemiologic transition. In addition, this research will provide essential new knowledge on how differences in risk factor levels affect global disparities in CVD/diabetes mortality by gender, ethnicity, and age. This research will directly inform data-driven, targeted health policies and interventions to stem the rising epidemic of CVD and diabetes, and will develop new interdisciplinary computational methodologies for assessing the health effects of multiple risk factors. Career Objectives - My primary career objective is to become an independent researcher in a tenure-track faculty position conducting rigorous empirical work focused on understanding the drivers of the global CVD epidemic and developing strategies to prevent CVD and diabetes worldwide. Career Impact - The K99 phase of this award will allow me to spend focused time on professional development activities in a mentored environment to learn particular skills, such as grant writing, public speaking, developing networks of collaborators, and managing a research group that are indispensible in becoming an independent investigator. In addition, it will allow me the opportunity to take advanced courses and learn high-level research methods and substantive knowledge in nutritional, cardiovascular, and social epidemiology and biostatistics from my mentor and senior colleagues. This training will allow me to broaden and deepen the scope of my research, especially since my doctoral degree was in a different field. The R00 phase of this award will launch my career as an independent scientist in a tenure-track position in a research-oriented university, allowing me to establish my research program with high-quality analyses and publications, while securing additional grant support. Overall, the K99/R00 will have an invaluable impact on my scientific/professional transition to independence.

描述（由申请人提供）：背景-饮食及其对代谢危险因素的影响是全球流行病学转变的关键驱动因素。然而，很少有研究定量评估了饮食和代谢危险因素之间的复杂相互关系，它们对心血管疾病（CVD）和糖尿病的综合影响，它们与宏观社会经济变量的关联，以及它们对流行病学转变背景下全球健康差异的影响。科学目的- 1）研究在整体饮食的背景下，个别饮食和代谢风险因素之间的相互关系，2）制定 复杂而强大的分析方法，用于量化饮食和代谢风险对心血管疾病和糖尿病的综合影响，3）研究饮食和代谢风险因素如何受到城市化、收入不平等和教育等宏观社会经济因素的影响，以及4）评估饮食、代谢风险因素及其与宏观社会经济因素的关系如何导致全球健康差异。科学和公共卫生影响-这项工作将提供关键的见解饮食，代谢风险和宏观社会经济健康的决定因素之间的关系，以及它们对心血管疾病和糖尿病的综合影响在全球流行病学转变的背景下。此外，这项研究将 提供关于风险因素水平的差异如何影响性别、种族和年龄的CVD/糖尿病死亡率全球差异的重要新知识。这项研究将直接为数据驱动的、有针对性的卫生政策和干预措施提供信息，以遏制心血管疾病和糖尿病的流行，并将开发新的跨学科计算方法，用于评估多种风险因素对健康的影响。职业目标-我的主要职业目标是成为一名独立的研究员，在终身教职职位上进行严格的实证工作，重点是了解全球CVD流行的驱动因素，并制定预防全球CVD和糖尿病的策略。职业影响-该奖项的K99阶段将使我能够在指导环境中专注于专业发展活动，以学习特定技能，例如拨款写作，公开演讲，开发合作者网络，以及管理成为独立调查员不可或缺的研究小组。此外，它将使我有机会参加高级课程，并从我的导师和资深同事那里学习高水平的研究方法和营养，心血管，社会流行病学和生物统计学方面的实质性知识。这次培训将使我能够扩大和深化我的研究范围，特别是因为我的博士学位是在一个不同的领域。该奖项的R 00阶段将启动我的职业生涯作为一个独立的科学家在终身职位的研究型大学，使我能够建立我的研究计划与高质量的分析和出版物，同时确保额外的赠款支持。总的来说，K99/R 00将对我的科学/专业过渡到独立产生宝贵的影响。