Statistical Learning in Language Acquisition

语言习得中的统计学习

• 批准号: 9178665
• 负责人: JENNY R. SAFFRAN
• 金额: $ 34万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-01 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9178665
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Cochlear Implants; Development; Discrimination; Environment; Face; Future; Glean; Hearing Impaired Persons; Human Development; Illinois; Individual; Infant; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Language Development Disorders; Language Disorders; Learning; Linguistics; Link; Literature; Machine Learning; Maps; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Outcome; Outcome Study; Pattern; Phase; Population; Poverty; Process; Property; Public Health; Research; Risk; Role; Speech; Statistical Study; Structure; Sum; Surface; Testing; Time; Toddler; Universities; Washington; Williams Syndrome; Work; base; expectation; experience; experimental study; innovation; knowledge of results; language processing; named group; natural language; programs; public health relevance; sound; specific language impairment; statistics; success; theories; word learning

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): First language acquisition is a hallmark of normative human development. A substantial body of research suggests that language learning is facilitated by the ability to track statistical regularities in linguistic input. Research during the current project period clearly demonstrates that infants are powerful statistical learners. However, the relevance of these abilities to the learning problems presented in infants' linguistic environments remains poorly understood. The research proposed in this application will test specific hypotheses concerning infant statistical language learning, focusing on how infants make use of statistical information. Specific Aim One is to determine which surface statistics infants can use given natural language input. Specific Aim Two is to determine how the statistics of sound sequences in real speech influence word learning. Specific Aim Three is to determine whether infants' on-line language processing is affected by statistical information. The results of the research proposed in this competing continuation application will promote positive developmental outcomes by expanding our understanding of the learning mechanisms underlying normative development. Individuals who are less facile at statistical learning may be at risk for developmental language disorders. Subsequent research will use the outcome of these studies to motivate investigations including populations of young children at risk for atypical language development.

描述(申请人提供)：第一语言习得是人类规范发展的标志。大量研究表明，跟踪语言输入中的统计规律的能力有助于语言学习。本项目期间的研究清楚地表明，婴儿是强大的统计学习者。然而，这些能力与婴儿语言环境中出现的学习问题的相关性仍然知之甚少。这项申请中提出的研究将测试关于婴儿统计语言学习的具体假设，重点是婴儿如何利用统计信息。具体目的之一是确定婴儿可以使用哪些表面统计数据，以确定给定的自然语言输入。具体目标二是确定真实语音中声音序列的统计数据如何影响单词学习。具体目的三是确定婴儿的在线语言加工是否受到统计信息的影响。在这一竞争性延续申请中提出的研究结果将扩大我们对规范发展的学习机制的理解，从而促进积极的发展成果。不善于统计学习的人可能有患发育性语言障碍的风险。随后的研究将利用这些研究的结果来推动调查，包括处于非典型语言发展风险的幼儿群体。