Targeting PPT1 in the Tumor Microenvironment
Targeting PPT1 in the Tumor Microenvironment
批准号:
9791685
负责人:
RAVI K AMARAVADI
金额:
$48.22万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2008
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2008-04-01 至 2024-08-31
关键词:
3-DimensionalAcidityAcidsAddressAffectAnimalsAntimalarialsAntineoplastic AgentsAutologousAutophagocytosisBRAF geneBindingBiological AssayCell CommunicationCell DeathCell-Mediated CytolysisCellsCellular AssayChemicalsChloroquineClinicalClinical TrialsClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsCollaborationsCritiquesDataEnzymesFamilyFibroblastsFutureGenetic studyGoalsHydroxychloroquineImmunocompetentImmunosuppressive AgentsImmunotherapyIn VitroKnock-outKnowledgeLeadLengthLipidsLiteratureLysosomesMEKsMalignant NeoplasmsMediatingMelanoma CellMetabolicModelingMolecular TargetNeoplasm MetastasisNormal CellNude MiceNutrientPathway interactionsPatient-Focused OutcomesPatientsPenetrationPharmaceutical PreparationsPhenotypePost-Translational Protein ProcessingPrimary NeoplasmProteinsQuinacrineRefractoryReportingResistanceRoleSLEB2 geneSignal TransductionSolubilityStressStructureT-Cell ActivationT-LymphocyteTestingThe Cancer Genome AtlasTumor ImmunityTumor-associated macrophagesWaterXenograft procedureagedanaloganti-canceraqueousbasecancer cellcancer therapycell typeclinical developmentcytotoxicitydimerimprovedin vivoin vivo evaluationinhibition of autophagyinhibitor/antagonistinnovationlipid transportmacrophagemelanomamouse modelneoplastic cellnew therapeutic targetnext generationnovelnovel therapeuticsoverexpressionpalmitoylationpreventresistance mechanismresponsetargeted treatmenttherapy resistantthioesterase PPT1 gene productthree dimensional cell culturetooltumortumor growthtumor microenvironmenttumorigenic
中文摘要
项目摘要-项目2
黑色素瘤的耐药性是提高生存率的主要障碍。这个项目将决定治疗是否
抗性可以通过靶向溶酶体酶蛋白棕榈酰硫酯酶1(PPT 1)来逆转。
自噬是一种溶酶体依赖性途径,其促进肿瘤生长和对治疗的抵抗,
黑素瘤用氯喹(CQ)衍生物抑制自噬增强许多抗癌药物的功效。
治疗,但作为单一药剂具有有限的活性。 涉及HCQ治疗黑色素瘤的临床试验显示,
有希望的活动,但关注已提出的效力HCQ,其知之甚少,
作用机制。 我们已经制备了二聚体抗疟疾化合物,
比CQ或HCQ在体外和体内。 二聚喹吖因(DQ)(Rebecca Cancer Discovery 2017)和
二聚氯喹(DC)(Rebecca Cancer Discovery修订版)看起来特别有希望作为两种工具
化合物和潜在的临床药物。 在目前的周期中,我们发现延长接头长度
这些二聚体化合物增加了溶酶体定位和抗黑色素瘤活性。 这些DQ和
使用具有较长接头以及CQ的DC来拉动新的溶酶体靶点PPT 1,其是
在癌症中过度表达,特别是在转移性病变中。 针对溶酶体和自噬的努力,
癌细胞已经集中在癌细胞内的影响,但最近的文献表明,
TME内的免疫抑制细胞中的免疫抑制通路也有助于抗肿瘤活性。 我们将利用
与项目1、3和4的创新合作,以及P01核心的大力支持,以了解
PPT 1抑制在两种肿瘤细胞中的作用,肿瘤细胞与成纤维细胞之间的相互作用,肿瘤
相关的巨噬细胞和T细胞。该建议是基于广泛的新的初步数据,
2017年9月提交的评论。 我们将检验一个假设,
肿瘤细胞和巨噬细胞中的PPT 1通过完成3
目的:目的1将通过将杂原子取代引入接头来开发创新的新化合物,
并开发了第一个二聚体的铁喹衍生物,可以在酸性环境中有更好的渗透性,
TME。 我们还将开发一种与活细胞和动物研究兼容的新型PPT 1检测方法。 目的
2将利用P01内的合作,研究PPT 1在阻断老年人脂质转运中的作用。
成纤维细胞转化为黑色素瘤细胞和逆转对靶向治疗的抗性。 目标3将研究
在3D培养中,PPT 1对肿瘤细胞与T细胞和巨噬细胞相互作用的抑制,免疫活性
小鼠模型,以及一种新的Ppt 1条件性KO模型,目的是逆转对
免疫疗法 这些研究的影响将是解开更深层次的机械理解,
TME内溶酶体抑制的后果,这将支持这些药物的临床开发
在未来获得的知识将最终导致改善患者的结果。
英文摘要
Project Summary – Project 2
Therapy resistance in melanoma is a major hurdle to improved survival. This project will determine if therapy
resistance can be reversed by targeting the lysosomal enzyme protein palmitoyl thioesterase 1 (PPT1).
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent pathway that promotes tumor growth and resistance to therapy in
melanoma. Autophagy inhibition with chloroquine (CQ) derivatives augments the efficacy of many anticancer
therapies, but has limited activity as a single agent. Clinical trials involving HCQ in melanoma show
promising activity but concerns have been raised about the potency of HCQ, and its poorly understood
mechanism of action. We have prepared dimeric antimalarial compounds that are 10-1000 fold more potent
in vitro and in vivo than CQ or HCQ. Dimeric quinacrines (DQs) (Rebecca Cancer Discovery 2017) and
dimeric chloroquines (DCs) (Rebecca Cancer Discovery in revision) look especially promising as both tool
compounds and potential clinical drugs. In the current cycle, we have found that extending the linker length
of these dimeric compounds increases lysosomal localization and anti-melanoma activity. These DQs and
DCs with longer linkers as well as CQ were used to pull a new lysosomal target, PPT1, which is
overexpressed in cancer, especially in metastatic lesions. Efforts to target the lysosome and autophagy in
cancer cells have focused on the effects within cancer cells but recent literature suggests targeting this
pathway in immunosuppressive cells within the TME also contributes to antitumor activity. We will leverage
innovative collaborations with Projects 1, 3 and 4 and heavy support from the P01 cores to understand the
effects of PPT1 inhibition in both tumor cells, the interaction between tumor cells and fibroblasts, tumor
associated macrophages and T cells. The proposal is based on extensive new preliminary data in response
to the reviewers’ critiques from the September 2017 submission. We will test the hypothesis that targeting
PPT1 in tumor cells and macrophages overcomes therapy resistance in melanoma through completion of 3
aims: Aim 1 will develop innovative new compounds by introducing heteroatom substitutions into the linker,
and developing the first ever dimeric ferroquine derivatives that could have better penetration in the acidic
TME. We will also develop a novel assay for PPT1 that is compatible with live cells and animal studies. Aim
2 will leverage collaborations within the P01 to study the role of PPT1 in blocking lipid trafficking from aged
fibroblasts to melanoma cells and reversing resistance to targeted therapy. Aim 3 will study the effects of
PPT1 inhibition on tumor cell interactions with T cells and macrophages in 3D culture, immunocompetent
mouse models, and a new conditional KO model of Ppt1, with the goal of reversing resistance to
immunotherapy. The impact of these studies will be to unravel a deeper mechanistic understanding of the
consequences of lysosomal inhibition within the TME, which will support clinical development of these agents
in the future. Knowledge gained will ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.
期刊论文(0)
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科研奖励(0)
会议论文
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海外基金