Examining Substance Use and Research Participation Among Underrepresented Groups.

检查代表性不足的群体的药物使用和研究参与情况。

• 批准号: 10379032
• 负责人: Annesa Flentje
• 金额: $ 9.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10379032
• 关键词: Abstinence; Accounting; Area; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Process; Birth; Blood specimen; Cessation of life; Chronic; Chronic stress; Cohort Studies; Complex; DNA; DNA Methylation; Data; Data Collection; Discrimination; Epigenetic Process; Exposure to; Gender; Gene Expression; Genes; Grant; HIV; Health; Health behavior; Immune; Incidence; Injury; Investigation; Latinx; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal cohort; Longitudinal cohort study; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Methylation; Minority; Modification; Molecular; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Nature; Outcome; Parents; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prospective cohort study; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Strategic Planning; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Time; Tissue-Specific Gene Expression; Translating; Underrepresented Populations; United States; Work; aged; biomarker development; cisgender; cohort; comorbidity; disability; epigenetic regulation; epigenomics; expectation; experience; gender minority; health disparity; improved; male; maltreatment; men; methylome; respiratory; response; sex; sexual minority; social stigma; stressor; substance use; substance use treatment; therapy development

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT OF PARENT R01 GRANT Sexual minority (SM, i.e., people who are not heterosexual) and gender minority (GM, i.e., people who have a gender that is discordant from the sex they were assigned at birth, as opposed to cisgender people who have a gender that is concordant with the sex they were assigned at birth) people (collectively abbreviated as SGM) are at greater risk for health disparities including very high rates of substance use. Within studies on substance use, GM people are largely unrepresented as GM status is rarely measured or reported. The primary explanation for the higher rates of substance use and health problems among SGM people is minority stress, which confers an additional stress burden on SGM people including experiences of discrimination, expectations of discrimination, concealment of one’s identity, and internalization of social stigma. Epigenetic modifications (e.g., DNA methylation) are one way to track molecular modifications in response to substance use and minority stress. Understanding the epigenetics of substance use and minority stress may help us to develop better ways to identify and treat substance use disorders and to understand the downstream health outcomes of SGM people. This study will leverage The PRIDE Study, a national longitudinal cohort study of SGM people to identify trajectories in substance use among SGM people over 3 years of annual data collection (N > 3937 aged 18+), examine differences in these trajectories for GM versus cisgender SM people, and examine relationships between minority stress and substance use trajectories (Aim 1). This study will then identify the relationships between substance use trajectories and DNA methylation (N=600, half of whom are GM), identify differences in the relationships between substance use and DNA methylation for GM versus cisgender SM people, and identify which of these relationships between DNA methylation and substance use persist even after accounting for minority stress (Aim 2). This study will help us to understand longitudinal trajectories of substance use among SM and GM people to inform targeted prevention and intervention development. This study will also inform the development of biomarkers for substance use to improve substance use treatment and prevention.

PAGER 01资助的总结/摘要 性少数群体（SM，即非异性恋者）和性别少数群体（GM，即，人谁有一个 与他们出生时被分配的性别不一致的性别，而不是顺性别的人， 与出生时分配的性别一致的性别）的人（统称为SGM） 健康差距的风险更大，包括非常高的物质使用率。在关于药物使用的研究中， 转基因人在很大程度上没有代表，因为转基因状况很少得到衡量或报告。主要的解释是 SGM人群中较高的药物使用率和健康问题是少数人的压力，这赋予了他们 SGM人员的额外压力负担，包括歧视经历、歧视预期， 一个人的身份的隐藏和社会耻辱的内化。表观遗传修饰（例如，DNA 甲基化）是跟踪响应物质使用和少数民族压力的分子修饰的一种方式。 了解物质使用和少数民族压力的表观遗传学可能有助于我们开发更好的方法， 识别和治疗物质使用障碍，并了解SGM人的下游健康结果。 这项研究将利用PRIDE研究，这是一项针对SGM人群的国家纵向队列研究， SGM人群在3年的年度数据收集中的物质使用轨迹（N > 3937，18岁以上）， 研究转基因人与顺性别SM人在这些轨迹上的差异，并研究 少数民族压力和物质使用轨迹之间的关系（目标1）。本研究将确定 物质使用轨迹和DNA甲基化之间的差异（N=600，其中一半是GM），确定 转基因与顺性别SM人群的物质使用和DNA甲基化之间的关系，并确定 DNA甲基化和物质使用之间的哪些关系即使在解释了 少数民族压力（目标2）。这项研究将有助于我们了解物质使用的纵向轨迹， SM和GM的人告知有针对性的预防和干预发展。这项研究还将为 开发物质使用生物标志物，以改善物质使用治疗和预防。