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Odor-induced neuromodulation of visual valence switch in Drosophila melanogaster

气味诱导的果蝇视觉价态开关神经调节

基本信息

批准号：
9788045
负责人：
Yu-Chen (Karen) Cheng
金额：
$ 3.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-24 至 2020-09-23
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788045
关键词：
Anatomy Animal Model Animals Apple Area Behavior Behavioral Biogenic Amines Biological Models Brain Cell physiology Cells Columnar Cell Cues Databases Desire for food Detection Dopaminergic Cell Drosophila genus Drosophila melanogaster Enhancers Flying body movement Food Genetic Homologous Gene Immunohistochemistry Injury Interneurons Invertebrates Learning Mediating Modality Modeling Molecular Motion Motor Negative Valence Neurites Neuromodulator Neuronal Plasticity Neurons Neuropeptides Neuropil Norepinephrine Odors Olfactory Learning Olfactory Pathways Optic Lobe Optics Output Pathway interactions Physiological Play Positive Valence Property Protocols documentation RNA Interference Reagent Research Role Sensory Series Signal Transduction Synapses System Techniques Transgenic Organisms Vertebrates Vinegar Vision Visual Work base cell type classical conditioning conditioning detector experience experimental study feature detection flexibility fly gain of function in vivo calcium imaging loss of function neural circuit neural network neuromechanism neuronal excitability neuroregulation optogenetics postsynaptic receptive field receptor response screening

项目摘要

Project Abstract Sensory-motor processing must accommodate varying environmental conditions and the internal physiological state of an animal to quickly assign positive, neutral, or negative valence values. Valence values have been shown to change through learning-dependent plasticity mediated by the action of neuromodulators. However, little is known about whether or how neuromodulators mediate rapid changes in the valence of hard-wired sensory pathways. In this proposal, I focus on a particular behavioral valence switch in the model system Drosophila melanogaster. I first establish that in flying flies, the valence of a small visual object switches from negative to positive within seconds in the presence of an appetitive food odor. To uncover the neural mechanisms underlying this odor-induced visual valence switch, I propose the following aims: 1) Identify the biogenic amines involved in odor-induced visual valence switch with gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments using optogenetics and genetic silencing of known aminergic pathways. 2) Identify visual neurons whose receptive field properties are modified by biogenic amines using optogenetics, immunohistochemistry and in vivo calcium imaging. 3) Determine the connectivity between aminergic neurons and visual neurons using a series of behavioral, anatomical and physiological techniques. Understanding valence switching at the molecular and cell-circuit levels of organization is crucial to developing a comprehensive understanding of brain function. Since there are few productive research models in this area, the results will likely provide better understanding of the role of biogenic amines relevant to brain illness and injury that generalizes to vertebrate animals.

项目摘要感觉运动处理必须适应不同的环境条件和内部生理条件。动物的状态，以快速分配积极的，中性的，或负的效价值。化合价已经显示出通过神经调节剂的作用介导的学习依赖性可塑性而改变。然而，在这方面，关于神经调节剂是否或如何介导硬连线的化合价的快速变化，感觉通路在这个建议中，我专注于模型系统中的一个特定的行为价转换果蝇我首先确定，在飞行的苍蝇中，一个小的视觉对象的效价从在食欲食物气味的存在下，在几秒钟内从阴性变为阳性。为了揭示神经基于这种气味诱导的视觉价转换的机制，我提出了以下目标：1）识别生物胺参与气味诱导的视觉效价转换的功能获得和功能丧失使用已知胺能途径的光遗传学和遗传沉默的实验。2)识别视觉神经元其感受野特性通过生物胺使用光遗传学、免疫组织化学和体内钙成像。3)确定胺能神经元和视觉神经元之间的连接运用一系列行为解剖和生理技术理解原子核中的原子价转换分子和细胞电路水平的组织是至关重要的发展一个全面的理解，大脑功能由于在这一领域很少有生产性的研究模型，结果可能会提供更好的了解生物胺在脑疾病和损伤中的作用，并将其推广到脊椎动物动物