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Earlier Detection of Cancers using Non-Plasma Based Liquid Biopsies

使用非血浆液体活检早期检测癌症

基本信息

批准号：
9788317
负责人：
CHETAN BETTEGOWDA
金额：
$ 71.44万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-19 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788317
关键词：
Affect Aneuploidy Benchmarking Biological Assay Blood Blood Circulation Brain CLIA certified Cancer Detection Cancer Gene Mutation Carcinoma Central Nervous System Neoplasms Cerebrospinal Fluid Characteristics Clinical Colon Carcinoma Colonic Adenoma Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Neoplasms DNA Data Detection Development Diagnosis Disease Early Diagnosis Etiology Feces Genes Genetic Markers Goals Head Cancer Head and Neck Cancer Head and neck structure Individual Industrialization Intestines Lesion Liquid substance Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Magnetic Resonance Imaging Malignant - descriptor Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of brain Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri Medical Methods Morbidity - disease rate Mutation Mutation Detection Neck Cancer Neoplasms Patients Performance Plasma Premalignant Research Design Risk Saliva Sampling Screening for cancer Sensitivity and Specificity Somatic Mutation Specificity Testing Time Tissues Translating Validation Work adenoma base brain abnormalities burden of illness cancer biomarkers cancer care cancer cell cancer diagnosis cancer therapy cancer type clinical biomarkers clinical development clinical implementation clinically significant cohort cost design experience genetic analysis innovation liquid biopsy minimally invasive mortality mouth squamous cell carcinoma neoplastic novel strategies oral lesion personalized medicine specific biomarkers tumor tumor DNA uptake

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Early detection of cancer provides one of the most effective ways to reduce cancer related morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, early detection of cancers is hindered by several factors, including the lack of suitable tests and cost. Personalized medicine and technological advances are changing the approach to cancer diagnosis. Blood based liquid biopsy has provided an opportunity for the development of early detection tests. However, most malignancies do not have effective minimally invasive strategies for early detection and certain pre-neoplastic or neoplastic conditions are not readily detectable using blood based assays. One of the chief challenges in developing minimally-invasive tests is the identification of the appropriate biofluid and cancer specific biomarkers. Over the past two decades, DNA released from cancer cells has emerged as a specific clinical biomarker of cancer. We have previously developed sensitive methods for detection of this released tumor DNA (rtDNA) and demonstrated its potential applications in variety of clinical samples. We have extensive preliminary results that biofluids associated with certain cancers are significantly enriched in rtDNA when compared to blood. Our group has developed sensitive methods to detect and quantify rtDNA in numerous biofluids. In addition, our group has an ongoing relationship with an industrial partner, PapGene Inc that has already participated in the clinical development of liquid biopsy applications. This project will build on those strengths to develop tests for the detection of brain, head and neck, and colon cancers in cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and stool, respectively. A non-plasma based liquid biopsy approach for the earlier detection of cancers or premalignant lesions difficult to detect in the blood would represent a significant medical advance.

项目总结/文摘