Appropriation, Adaptation, and Political Mobilization of Genomics Research

基因组学研究的挪用、改编和政治动员

• 批准号: 9788503
• 负责人: Aaron Panofsky
• 金额: $ 23.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-19 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788503
• 关键词: Admixture; Advocate; African; Agreement; American; Americas; Anthropology; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Belief; Biological; Biology; Blood Circulation; Catalogs; Cognitive; Communication; Communities; Complex; Conscious; Consensus; Dimensions; Discrimination; Epigenetic Process; Eugenics; European; Evolution; Fostering; Genetic; Genomics; Knowledge; Learning; Literature; Mainstreaming; Maps; Medical; Medical Genetics; Methods; Movement; Mutate; Pattern; Policies; Politics; Population; Population Genetics; Population Heterogeneity; Process; Public Health; Public Participation; Publications; Qualitative Methods; Race; Religion and Spirituality; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Science; Scientist; Series; Services; Social Hierarchy; Sociology; Source; Structure; Testing; Thinking; Time; Trust; Uncertainty; Vaccines; Work; Writing; authority; climate change; ethical legal social implication; ethnic difference; improved; interest; meetings; member; news; population genetic structure; preference; public engagement with science; racial difference; racism; repaired; response; social exclusion; tool; web site

Project Abstract “Appropriation, Adaptation, and Political Mobilization of Genomics Research by White Nationalists” This project will analyze how US white nationalists are appropriating, adapting, politically mobilizing and changing themselves in response to contemporary genomics research. White nationalists have gained public prominence since 2015 trying to bring greater visibility to their movement and policy ideas. Ideas from genetics have been prominent in their public pronouncements and in online discussions among white nationalists. For example, they discuss genetic ancestry tests to demonstrate pure European/white ancestry, population genetics to “prove” the biological reality of race, and behavior genetics to claim the intellectual and behavioral superiority of whites. However, professional geneticists have repudiated such interpretations arguing all populations are admixed, race is a poor representation of genetic population structure, and genetics is non- deterministic and cannot be used to justify social hierarchies. This leads to a series of questions: Why have white nationalists sought to appropriate genomics? How have they built interpretations that contradict the mainstream of professional genetics? And what areas of research and findings have drawn most of their interest? At stake in this study is the public understanding of contemporary genomics and whether white nationalists' interpretations will gain prominence. Sociological research has shown that the public acceptance of ideas has less to do with whether they are right or wrong than with how audiences perceive the authority of speakers. Thus beyond their interpretations, how white nationalists build authority and seek to discredit ideas that contradict theirs will also be discerned. This project will draw its research materials from white nationalists' writings in online blogs, news and opinion pieces, and discussion forums. It will employ the methods of qualitative, interpretive sociology and draw analytically from studies of public participation in science to uncover white nationalists' cognitive frameworks and meanings as they engage contemporary genomics. The project has three aims. 1) To catalog white nationalist discussion of genomics online, map the subfields and topics they focus on and ignore, and to compare their interpretations with those of professional genomics researchers. 2) To analyze how they mobilize genomics ideas in service of their political agenda, how they change their politics in response, and how this compares to those of past political movements. 3) To reconstruct how they build authority for their interpretations of science and applications to politics. Findings will help enrich discussions of the ethical, legal, and social implications of genetics to go beyond medical and scientific contexts to political meanings. Furthermore, this project will offer tools to improve science communication to limit the appeal of discriminatory or racist appropriations of genetics.

项目摘要 “白人民族主义者对基因组研究的挪用、改编和政治动员” 该项目将分析美国白人民族主义者如何挪用、适应、政治动员和 改变自己以响应当代基因组学研究。白人民族主义者赢得了公众的支持 自 2015 年以来，他们一直在努力提高其运动和政策理念的知名度。来自遗传学的想法 在他们的公开声明和白人民族主义者的在线讨论中都很突出。为了 例如，他们讨论基因血统测试以证明纯欧洲/白人血统、人口 遗传学“证明”种族的生物学现实，行为遗传学声称智力和行为 白人的优越感。然而，专业遗传学家否认了这种解释，认为所有 人口是混合的，种族不能很好地代表遗传人口结构，并且遗传学是非 确定性的，不能用来证明社会等级制度的合理性。这引出了一系列问题：为什么 白人民族主义者寻求适当的基因组学？他们是如何建立与事实相矛盾的解释的？ 专业遗传学的主流？哪些领域的研究和发现吸引了他们的大部分注意力 兴趣？这项研究的关键在于公众对当代基因组学的理解以及白人是否 民族主义者的解释将变得突出。社会学研究表明，公众接受度 观点的正确与否与观众如何看待观点的权威关系不大。 扬声器。因此，白人民族主义者如何建立权威并试图抹黑思想，超出了他们的解释 与他们的观点相矛盾的也将被辨别出来。该项目将从白人民族主义者的研究中汲取研究材料 在线博客、新闻和观点文章以及论坛上的文章。它将采用以下方法 定性的、解释性的社会学，并从公众参与科学的研究中进行分析，以揭示 白人民族主义者在接触当代基因组学时的认知框架和意义。项目 有三个目标。 1) 对基因组学的白人民族主义者在线讨论进行分类，绘制子领域和主题 他们关注和忽视，并将他们的解释与专业基因组学的解释进行比较 研究人员。 2) 分析他们如何利用基因组学思想来服务于他们的政治议程，他们如何 改变他们的政治作为回应，以及这与过去的政治运动相比如何。 3) 至 重建他们如何为科学解释和政治应用建立权威。调查结果将 帮助丰富对遗传学的伦理、法律和社会影响的讨论，使其超越医学和 科学背景到政治意义。此外，该项目将提供提高科学水平的工具 沟通以限制对遗传学的歧视性或种族主义挪用的吸引力。