BLR&D Research Career Scientist Award Application

BLR

• 批准号: 10047284
• 负责人: MARK M. RASENICK
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: JESSE BROWN VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10047284
• 关键词: Adenylate Cyclase; Advocacy; American; Animal Model; Antidepressive Agents; Area; Autopsy; Award; Biological Markers; Biology; Biomedical Research; Blood Cells; Blood Tests; Brain; Cell Fraction; Cells; Chemicals; Chimeric Proteins; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cultured Cells; Cyclic AMP; Data; Depressed mood; Depression and Suicide; Depressive disorder; Disease; Economics; Elements; Event; Fish Oils; Foundations; Fright; Funding; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; GTP-Binding Proteins; Health; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; Human; In Vitro; Individual; Investigation; Justice; Ketamine; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Lipids; Measures; Membrane Microdomains; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Methodology; Military Personnel; Molecular; Molecular Profiling; Mood Disorders; Movement; Myocardial Ischemia; Neuroglia; Neurons; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Pathway interactions; Patients; Peripheral; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Positioning Attribute; Production; Property; Public Policy; Rapid screening; Research; Resistance; Science; Scientist; Screening procedure; Shapes; Signaling Protein; Site; Social Justice; Social Work; Speed; Suicide; Synapses; System; Therapeutic; Time; Tissues; Translating; Triton X100; Tubulin; Veterans; Wood material; Work; World Health Organization; antidepressant effect; base; biosignature; career; completed suicide; design; disability; experience; insight; military veteran; novel; peace; presynaptic; response; sabbatical; side effect; social stigma; suicidal risk; treatment duration; treatment response; uptake

Every day, 22 veterans complete suicide, primarily due to the ramifications of untreated depression. Due to fear and stigma, many do not seek treatment. For those who do, about one third of the time, no drug offers relief and even those antidepressants that do work often require 6-8 weeks before therapeutic onset. Unfortunately, no unifying hypothesis for a molecular/cellular basis of action for antidepressant drugs (or depressive disorders) has emerged. Over the last several years, we have suggested that, in addition to presynaptic targets (uptake sites), a number of antidepressant drugs have a post-synaptic mechanism of action. Toward this end, we have observed that chronic treatment (3-5 days) of cultured neural or glial cells with a number of chemically diverse antidepressant compounds translocates the heterotrimeric G protein Gsα out of lipid rafts and into a closer association with adenylyl cyclase. Post-mortem tissue from depressed suicides shows just the opposite, with an increased proportion of Gsα ensconsed in lipid rafts and preliminary data suggest that this is also observed in blood cells, where the extent of Gsα in lipid rafts correlates with both depression and clinical response to antidepressants. Furthermore, several experimental compounds may have antidepressant effects as well as shorter therapeutic onset, and the proposed studies will search for a cellular “biosignature” for antidepressant action. Proposed studies will also attempt to establish a mechanistic understanding for the translocation of Gsα from lipid rafts as a hallmark of depression and as a conduit for antidepressant action. One aspect of this involves an investigation of the interactions between antidepressants and lipids, particularly the omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil (DHA and EPA). Another aim involved the possibility that tubulin forms the anchor for Gsα in lipid rafts. One potential application of the proposed studies is to develop a platform that can provide a cell-based screen for putative antidepressant compounds as well as a screening tool to indicate personalized antidepressant choice. Another intent of these studies is to provide a peripheral tissue biological marker for depression and an early (< 1 week) indicator of successful antidepressant treatment that can be developed into a clinically useful, inexpensive and readily- available biomarker for clinical use. The identification of a pathway for antidepressant action might lead to novel antidepressant drugs, while the assignation of a quantitative value for depression may help overcome stigma and encourage thousands of depressed veterans to seek treatment.

每天都有22名退伍军人自杀，主要是由于未经治疗的抑郁症的后果。由于