Effects of Sleep on Academic and Health Outcomes Among Adolescents

按种族/民族和社会经济地位划分的教育和健康差距有很好的记录。 在青少年中。睡眠，一种健康的行为，可能是促成这两种行为的基本机制。 在所有年龄段中，青少年睡眠充足的可能性最小 有种族/民族和SES 睡眠数量和质量上的差异。 多层次(个人、家庭、社区)的压力源也可能 造成睡眠、教育和健康方面的差距。我们项目的目标是睡眠对教育的影响 和青少年的健康结果，是使用睡眠的客观衡量标准(持续时间、时间、质量)来 检查青少年的睡眠不足是否与教育和健康有关。我们的前瞻性研究 多样化的青少年样本将使我们能够调查 睡眠、教育和生活质量之间的时间关系 健康结果。我们的具体目标是：1)研究睡眠是否调节了睡眠与睡眠之间的关系 种族/民族/社会经济地位以及教育和健康结果；2)决定睡眠是否调节了这种关系 压力、教育和健康结果的多层次测量之间的关系；以及3)检查 不同的多水平应激源暴露在一定程度上解释了睡眠中耳鼻和SES的差异。 在一项为期两年的多波队列研究中，我们将跟踪调查来自两所高中的约540名九年级学生 佐治亚州中北部的半农村地区。戴在手腕上的加速度计将提供睡眠的客观测量 持续时间、时间和质量，并在9年级春季收集，并在 十年级的时候。这些数据将与广泛的学生教育(成绩、阅读技能、 标准化考试分数、迟到、出勤、纪律转介和停职)和健康(自我评级 身心健康和与健康相关的缺勤)参保者两个时间段的结果(第9次 和10年级)。多层面的压力源(个人层面的压力/歧视、家庭层面的家庭混乱、 社区级别的劣势)将从9号和10号的调查和公开数据中获得 成绩。将收集有关潜在协变量的数据，包括：1)使用以下方法客观测量身体活动 2)客观测量体重指数和心肺功能 9年级的健康状况；3)来自9年级和10年级的调查模块的个人数据 评估学生特征(例如，种族/民族、性别、青春期、就业、社会支持、屏幕时间)， 和家庭特征(家庭结构)。多层次因果调解分析将分解 睡眠质量和数量对种族/SES在教育和健康结果方面的差异的贡献。 该项目体现了教育和公共卫生部门之间独特的伙伴关系，并取得了成果 对广泛的部门和组织具有实用价值。结果可能会发现睡眠不足，一种 共同但可改变的风险因素是造成教育和健康差距的机制。这项研究将引领 以开发和实施更大规模的纵向和干预性研究。

Education and health disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) are well documented among adolescents. Sleep, a health behavior, may be a fundamental mechanism contributing to both. Teenagers are the least likely of any age group to get sufficient sleep and there are racial/ethnic and SES disparities in sleep quantity and quality. Multilevel (individual, family, neighborhood) stressors may also contribute to disparities in sleep, education and health. The goal of our project, Effects of Sleep on Education and Health Outcomes Among Adolescents, is to use objective measures of sleep (duration, timing, quality) to examine if sleep deprivation among teenagers is related to education and health. Our prospective study of a diverse sample of teens will enable us to investigate the temporal relationships among sleep, education and health outcomes. Our specific aims are to : 1) investigate if sleep mediates the relationship between race/ethnicity/SES and education and health outcomes; 2) determine if sleep mediates the relationship between multilevel measures of stress and education and health outcomes; and 3) examine whether differential exposures to multilevel stressors partially account for ethnoracial and SES disparities in sleep. In a two-year, multiple-wave cohort study we will follow ~540 9th grade students from two high schools in a semi-rural area in north-central Georgia. Wrist-worn accelerometers will provide objective measures of sleep duration, timing, and quality and collected during Spring of 9th grade and again for the same students during Fall of 10th grade. These data will be linked to extensive student-level education (grades, reading skills, standardized test scores, tardiness, attendance, disciplinary referrals and suspensions) and health (self-rated mental and physical health and health-related absences) outcomes from two time periods of those enrolled (9th and 10th grades). Multilevel stressors (individual-level stress/discrimination, family-level home chaos, neighborhood-level disadvantage) will be obtained from surveys and publicly available data in both 9th and 10th grades. Data on potential covariates will be collected including: 1) objectively measured physical activity using actigraphy when sleep measures are obtained; 2) objectively measured body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness in 9th grade; and 3) individual data from survey modules administered during 9th and 10th grades assessing student characteristics (e.g., race/ethnicity, sex, puberty, employment, social support, screen time), and family characteristics (household structure). Multi-level causal mediation analysis will decompose the contribution of sleep quality and quantity to race/SES disparities in education and health outcomes. This project exemplifies a unique partnership between education and public health sectors with results having practical value to a wide range of sectors and organizations. Results may find that sleep deprivation, a common yet modifiable risk factor, is a mechanism for education and health disparities. This research will lead to the development and implementation of larger scale longitudinal and intervention studies.