Probing the biophysical basis of large-scale brain dynamics using simultaneous PET/fMRI and EEG/PET/fMRI

使用同步 PET/fMRI 和 EEG/PET/fMRI 探索大规模脑动力学的生物物理基础

• 批准号: 10040782
• 负责人: Jingyuan Chen
• 金额: $ 13.1万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10040782
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Biophysics; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Coupled; Disease; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Exhibits; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glucose; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Length; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentors; Metabolic; Methodology; Modality; Nature; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Neurosciences; Norepinephrine; Outcome; Pathologic; Pattern; Physiology; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Protocols documentation; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Sampling; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Series; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Stimulus; Structure; Syndrome; Techniques; Time; Training; Translational Research; Variant; Visual; blood oxygen level dependent; career; clinical biomarkers; cognitive task; cost; fluorodeoxyglucose; glucose metabolism; hemodynamics; imaging study; innovation; interest; multimodality; neurochemistry; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; signal processing; skills; statistics; stem; tool; vascular factor

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been broadly employed to map large-scale brain dynamics in healthy and diseased populations. Withal its high spatial localization and accessibility to deep brain structures, fMRI suffers from several key limitations, including its vulnerability to systemic physiology and inaccessibility to various neuromodulatory processes, that hinder its use in deciphering the fundamental neurophysiological basis of large-scale brain dynamics. The innovation of this proposal lies in the addition to fMRI of concurrent PET imaging, a modality with higher neuronal specificity and accessibility to a myriad of metabolic and neurochemical processes, to address the essential limitations of fMRI, being an indirect marker of neural activity. Functional PET (fPET) is a recently innovated technique with the potential to track functionally relevant metabolic changes. Specifically, we will first pioneer an analytical framework to link large-scale brain dynamics with concurrent fPET signals; then as a first application, employ this framework to illuminate the neuronal changes linked with naturalistic arousal fluctuations and the metabolic underpinnings of complex network behavior. The outcomes of this proposal will lay the foundation for a long-term independent research program that employs this novel multi-modal technique to probe various neuronal, vascular, energetic and neuromodulatory mechanisms underlying large-scale brain dynamics, and ultimately identifies how disruption of any facets of these mechanisms leads to various pathological syndromes. This candidate has in-depth training in signal processing, statistics, state-of-the-art fMRI and concurrent EEG/fMRI methodology. With additional training in advanced PET methodology, multi-modal integration, neuroscience as well as clinical translational research skills enabled by this grant mechanism, she will be well versed to begin an independent career focusing on 1) developing analytical toolsets to facilitate the application of advanced neuroimaging techniques; and 2) integrating multi- faceted functional information to investigate the biophysical underpinnings of large-scale brain functional dynamics in health and disease.

功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）已被广泛用于绘制健康和患病人群的大规模脑动力学。功能磁共振成像具有高度的空间定位性和对脑深部结构的可达性，但它存在几个关键的局限性，包括对全身生理学的脆弱性和对各种神经调节过程的不可达性，这阻碍了它在破译大规模脑动力学的基本神经生理学基础方面的应用。该提案的创新之处在于除了功能磁共振成像的同步PET成像，具有更高的神经元特异性和无数的代谢和神经化学过程的可访问性的方式，以解决功能磁共振成像的基本局限性，作为神经活动的间接标记。功能性PET（fPET）是一种新的技术，具有跟踪功能相关代谢变化的潜力。具体来说，我们将首先开创一个分析框架，将大规模脑动力学与并发fPET信号联系起来;然后作为第一个应用程序，采用这个框架来阐明与自然唤醒波动和复杂网络行为的代谢基础相关的神经元变化。这项提案的结果将为一项长期的独立研究计划奠定基础，该计划采用这种新颖的多模态技术来探测大规模脑动力学的各种神经元，血管，能量和神经调节机制，并最终确定这些机制的任何方面的破坏如何导致各种病理综合征。该候选人在信号处理，统计学，最先进的功能磁共振成像和并发EEG/fMRI方法学方面接受过深入的培训。通过在先进的PET方法学、多模态整合、神经科学以及该资助机制所支持的临床转化研究技能方面的额外培训，她将精通于开始一个独立的职业生涯，专注于1）开发分析工具集，以促进先进神经成像技术的应用;以及2）整合多方面的功能信息以研究健康和疾病中大规模脑功能动力学的生物物理基础。