Probing the Biophysical Basis of Large-Scale Brain Dynamics Using Simultaneous PET/fMRI and EEG/PET/fMRI

使用同步 PET/fMRI 和 EEG/PET/fMRI 探索大规模脑动力学的生物物理基础

• 批准号: 10619126
• 负责人: Jingyuan Chen
• 金额: $ 24.76万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10619126
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Binding; Biophysics; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Coupled; Disease; Dissociation; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Exhibits; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glucose; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Length; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentors; Metabolic; Methodology; Modality; Nature; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Neurosciences; Norepinephrine; Outcome; Pathologic; Pattern; Physiology; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Protocols documentation; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Sampling; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Series; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Stimulus; Structure; Syndrome; Techniques; Time; Training; Translational Research; Variant; Visual; blood oxygen level dependent; career; clinical biomarkers; clinical translation; cognitive task; cost; fluorodeoxyglucose; functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography; glucose metabolism; hemodynamics; innovation; interest; multimodality; neural; neurochemistry; neuroimaging; neuron component; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; novel; programs; signal processing; skills; statistics; stem; tool; vascular factor

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been broadly employed to map large-scale brain dynamics in healthy and diseased populations. Withal its high spatial localization and accessibility to deep brain structures, fMRI suffers from several key limitations, including its vulnerability to systemic physiology and inaccessibility to various neuromodulatory processes, that hinder its use in deciphering the fundamental neurophysiological basis of large-scale brain dynamics. The innovation of this proposal lies in the addition to fMRI of concurrent PET imaging, a modality with higher neuronal specificity and accessibility to a myriad of metabolic and neurochemical processes, to address the essential limitations of fMRI, being an indirect marker of neural activity. Functional PET (fPET) is a recently innovated technique with the potential to track functionally relevant metabolic changes. Specifically, we will first pioneer an analytical framework to link large-scale brain dynamics with concurrent fPET signals; then as a first application, employ this framework to illuminate the neuronal changes linked with naturalistic arousal fluctuations and the metabolic underpinnings of complex network behavior. The outcomes of this proposal will lay the foundation for a long-term independent research program that employs this novel multi-modal technique to probe various neuronal, vascular, energetic and neuromodulatory mechanisms underlying large-scale brain dynamics, and ultimately identifies how disruption of any facets of these mechanisms leads to various pathological syndromes. This candidate has in-depth training in signal processing, statistics, state-of-the-art fMRI and concurrent EEG/fMRI methodology. With additional training in advanced PET methodology, multi-modal integration, neuroscience as well as clinical translational research skills enabled by this grant mechanism, she will be well versed to begin an independent career focusing on 1) developing analytical toolsets to facilitate the application of advanced neuroimaging techniques; and 2) integrating multi- faceted functional information to investigate the biophysical underpinnings of large-scale brain functional dynamics in health and disease.

功能磁共振成像(FMRI)已被广泛应用于绘制健康和疾病人群的大规模脑动力学图。由于其高度的空间局部性和对脑深部结构的可获得性，功能磁共振成像受到几个关键限制，包括对系统生理学的脆弱性和对各种神经调节过程的不可获得性，这阻碍了它在破译大规模脑动力学的基本神经生理学基础上的应用。这一建议的创新之处在于增加了fMRI的同时PET成像，这是一种具有更高的神经元特异性和对无数代谢和神经化学过程的可及性的方式，以解决fMRI作为神经活动的间接标记物的基本局限性。功能性正电子发射计算机断层扫描(FPET)是近年来发展起来的一项新技术，具有追踪功能相关代谢变化的潜力。具体地说，我们将首先开创一个分析框架，将大规模脑动力学与并发的fPET信号联系起来；然后，作为第一个应用，使用这个框架来阐明与自然唤醒波动相关的神经元变化以及复杂网络行为的新陈代谢基础。这一提议的结果将为一项长期的独立研究计划奠定基础，该计划使用这一新颖的多模式技术来探索大规模脑动力学背后的各种神经元、血管、能量和神经调节机制，并最终确定这些机制的任何方面的破坏如何导致各种病理综合征。这位候选人在信号处理、统计学、最先进的功能磁共振成像和并行EEG/功能磁共振成像方法方面有深入的培训。在接受了先进的PET方法、多模式整合、神经科学以及这一资助机制所提供的临床转化研究技能方面的额外培训后，她将精通于以下方面的独立职业生涯：1)开发分析工具集以促进先进神经成像技术的应用；2)整合多方面的功能信息，以研究大规模脑功能动力学在健康和疾病中的生物物理基础。