Determining the implicit and rule-based learning ability of individuals with aphasia to better align learning ability and intervention
Determining the implicit and rule-based learning ability of individuals with aphasia to better align learning ability and intervention
批准号:
10115334
负责人:
Sofia Vallila Rohter
金额:
$16.0万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2020
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2020-12-01 至 2023-11-30
关键词:
AddressAphasiaAttentionBehavior TherapyBehavioralBiologicalBrainBrain InjuriesCharacteristicsClinicalCognitiveCommunicationComputersCorpus striatum structureDiagnosticEvaluationFeedbackFutureGoalsImpairmentIndividualInstructionInterventionLanguageLanguage DisordersLanguage TherapyLeadLearningLesionLifeLinguisticsLocationLoveMeasuresMethodological StudiesMethodsModelingOutcomeParticipantPatientsPersonsPhenotypePopulationPrefrontal CortexProtocols documentationPublic HealthQuality of lifeRehabilitation OutcomeRehabilitation therapyResearchResearch PersonnelSeriesSeveritiesShort-Term MemorySpeechStimulusStratificationStrokeStructureSystemTraumatic Brain InjuryUnited StatesWorkaphasia rehabilitationbasecognitive abilitycopingdesignexecutive functionexperienceimprovedimproved outcomeindividual patientindividualized medicineinnovationlanguage comprehensionlanguage impairmentlearning abilitynervous system disordernoveloutcome predictionpatient responsepreservationrecruitrelating to nervous systemresponseselective attentionstroke-induced aphasia
中文摘要
项目总结:
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失语症是一种语言表达能力或语言理解能力的障碍,主要是由于中风和创伤造成的。
脑损伤或进行性神经系统疾病。在美国东部,约有200万人遭受这种疾病的折磨。
从对生活质量产生深远影响的失语症,到重返工作岗位的能力和参与生活的能力。
活动。国际研究中心已经表明,言语-语言治疗是失语症的主要治疗方法,可以显著改善失语症。
提高人们的语言交际能力。然而,失语症康复治疗领域的一项重大限制因素仍然存在。
患者对药物治疗的反应缺乏可预测性,也导致无法为患者量身定做治疗方案。
失语症的治疗方法主要是根据患者的语言能力和语言能力缺陷来选择的,几乎没有。
考虑到学习能力,我们可以称之为学习表型。学习表型一直以来都是用来提供信息的。
康复治疗在其他失语症领域也有应用,但目前还不被认为是失语症的治疗方法。这是我们的首要任务。
一种假设是,学习能力和语言治疗之间的不协调关系限制了患者的进步。
为实现个性化治疗提供了一个新的障碍。
这项拟议的研究计划的主要目标是:(1)确定失语症患者的主要学习和表型特征。
以及(2)检查病变的特征(损伤的大小和位置)、语言能力和功能。
认知能力可能与学习能力有关。为了更好地实现我们的目标,我们将不会测量内隐能力(观察性)。
并通过基于计算机的学习任务,在失语症患者中建立明确的(基于规则的)学习能力。通过回归分析模型。
它将被用来检查与学习能力有关的大脑功能和行为功能因素。
正如一项研究显示的那样,对失语症患者的学习能力进行深入的定性研究是非常重要的,这可能会带来多重影响。
学习系统是存在的。此外,与刺激、任务、测试和反馈相关的操纵也会导致差异。
招募新的学习系统,并释放学习的潜力,特别是在临床学习人群中(Ashby等人,)
1998年;2002年;2003年;阿什比律师事务所和奥布莱恩律师事务所,2005年;戴维斯律师事务所,马多克斯律师事务所,2009年;诺尔顿等人,1992年;凯尼格等人,2005年。
2007年;Shohamy等人,(2004;斯奎尔和诺尔顿,1995)。我们之前在失语症方面的工作支持了这一假说。
患有失语症的人可能会受到学习和学习机制的损害,他们对这项任务不敏感。
操纵(Vallila--Rohter和Kiran,2013)。这些发现表明,PWA正在成功地进行学习。
在一些情况下,一些情况下,而不是在其他情况下,这为我们提出的以此为重点的一系列研究提供了更多的理论基础。
研究失语症患者的学习和学习能力。
我们这项研究的长期目标是,到2020年,使失语症患者的康复和效果最大化。
将学习能力与干预方法相结合。
英文摘要
Project Summary
Aphasia is an impairment in the expression or comprehension of language that results from stroke, traumatic
brain injury or progressive neurological disease. Approximately two million people in the United States suffer
from aphasia, which has profound impacts on quality of life, the ability to return to work and participation in life
activities. Research has shown that speech-language therapy, the treatment for aphasia, can significantly
improve people’s ability to communicate. However, a major limitation in the field of aphasia rehabilitation is the
lack of predictability in patients’ response to therapy and the inability to tailor treatment to individuals. Currently,
aphasia treatments are selected largely based on patient’s language abilities and language deficits with little
consideration of learning ability, which we call learning phenotype. Learning phenotype has been used to inform
rehabilitation approaches in other domains but is not currently considered in aphasia. Our overarching
hypothesis is that poor alignment of learning ability and language therapy limits progress for patients and
presents a barrier to individualizing treatment.
The objectives of the proposed study are to (1) determine the learning phenotype of individuals with aphasia,
and (2) examine how lesion characteristics (size and location of damage to the brain), language ability and
cognitive ability relate to learning ability. To accomplish our objectives, we will measure implicit (observational)
and explicit (rule-based) learning ability in people with aphasia via computer-based tasks. Regression models
will be used to examine brain and behavioral factors that relate to learning ability.
An in-depth characterization of learning in aphasia is important, as research has suggested that multiple
learning systems exist. Furthermore, manipulations to stimuli, task, and feedback can lead to differential
recruitment of learning systems and unlock learning potential, particularly in clinical populations (Ashby et al.,
1998; 2002; 2003; Ashby & O’Brien, 2005; Davis, Love, & Maddox, 2009; Knowlton et al., 1992; Koenig et al.,
2007; Shohamy et al., 2004; Squire & Knowlton, 1995). Our prior work in aphasia supports the hypothesis that
individuals with aphasia suffer from impaired learning mechanisms and are sensitive to task
manipulations(Vallila-Rohter & Kiran, 2013). These findings demonstrate that that PWA are successful learning
in some conditions and not others and provides the rationale for the proposed series of studies focused on
characterizing learning abilities in individuals with aphasia.
The long-term goal of our research is to maximize rehabilitation outcomes for individuals with aphasia by
aligning learning ability with intervention approach.
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Determining the implicit and rule-based learning ability of individuals with aphasia to better align learning ability and intervention
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批准号:10532767
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$16.0万
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财政年份:2020
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负责人:Sofia Vallila Rohter
-
依托单位:
Determining the implicit and rule-based learning ability of individuals with aphasia to better align learning ability and intervention
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批准号:10290311
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$16.0万
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财政年份:2020
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负责人:Sofia Vallila Rohter
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依托单位:
海外基金