The Metabolic Pathogenesis of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

摘要 该项目主要研究嫌色肾细胞癌(ChRCC)的代谢重编程。中国铁路总公司 占所有散发性肾癌的5%，也可发生在遗传综合征中，包括Birt-Hogg- Dube病(BHD)和结节性硬化症(TSC)，均为常染色体显性遗传病。目前有 转移性慢性肾细胞癌没有特殊的治疗方法，估计预期寿命不如 转移性透明细胞肾细胞癌，突出了该项目的潜在临床影响 用代谢组学方法对慢性肾细胞癌与匹配的正常肾脏进行比较，我们发现了一个惊人的 谷氨酰胺循环的中间产物减少，称为谷胱甘肽挽救途径。 与这种独特的代谢表型一致，我们发现伽玛-谷氨酰转移酶1(GGT1)，即 这一途径的关键酶在慢性肾细胞癌中的表达水平比正常肾脏低100倍。低GGT1 据预测，活性会导致外源谷胱甘肽的利用率降低，即增强的从头谷胱甘肽 合成，并增加氧化应激。这些数据和其他数据导致了我们的中心假设：新陈代谢 谷胱甘肽挽救途径受损引发的重编程在糖尿病的发病机制中起关键作用 中国铁路总公司。这一假说的一个关键的翻译推论是，ChRCC将对药物选择性敏感 抑制谷胱甘肽的生物合成和/或诱导进一步的氧化应激。 目的：1.确定谷胱甘肽挽救途径受损在发病机制中的作用。 慢性肾细胞癌的治疗。 目的2.体外研究靶向谷胱甘肽生物合成途径对慢性肾细胞癌的治疗作用 在活体内。 目的3.鉴定慢性肾细胞癌转移潜能的分子和代谢决定因素。 如果我们的假设是正确的，这将导致一个全新的慢性肾细胞癌致病模型，并导致 确定候选治疗靶点。我们的长期目标是确定转变范式的目标 复发或转移性慢性肾细胞癌患者的治疗机会，目前尚无 久经考验的治疗方案。

Abstract This project is focused on metabolic reprogramming in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). ChRCC accounts for 5% of all sporadic renal cancers and can also occur in genetic syndromes including Birt-Hogg- Dube' (BHD) and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC), both autosomal dominant disorders. There are currently no specific therapies for metastatic ChRCC, and life expectancy is estimated to be less favorable than for metastatic clear cell RCC, highlighting the potential clinical impact of this project Using metabolomic profiling of ChRCC compared with matched normal kidney, we have uncovered a striking decrease in intermediates of the gamma-glutamyl cycle, known as the glutathione salvage pathway. Consistent with this distinctive metabolic phenotype, we found that Gamma-glutamyl transferase 1 (GGT1), the key enzyme of this pathway, is expressed at >100-fold lower levels in ChRCC vs. normal kidney. Low GGT1 activity is predicted to result in lower utilization of exogenous glutathione, enhanced de novo glutathione synthesis, and increased oxidative stress. These and other data lead to our central hypothesis: metabolic reprogramming triggered by impairment of the glutathione salvage pathway is critical in the pathogenesis of ChRCC. A key translational corollary of this hypothesis is that ChRCC will be selectively sensitive to agents that inhibit glutathione biosynthesis and/or induce further oxidative stress. Aim 1. To determine the role of impairment of the glutathione salvage pathway in the pathogenesis and therapy of ChRCC. Aim 2. To determine the therapeutic impact of targeting glutathione biosynthetic pathways in ChRCC in vitro and in vivo. Aim 3. To identify molecular and metabolic determinants of the metastatic potential of ChRCC. If our hypotheses are correct, it will lead to a completely new pathogenic model for ChRCC, and to the identification of candidate therapeutic targets. Our long-term goal is to identify paradigm-shifting targeted therapeutic opportunities for patients with recurrent or metastatic ChRCC, for whom there are currently no proven therapeutic options.