Understanding the COVID-19, Racism, and Violence Syndemic and its Effects on COVID-19 Testing Disparities

了解 COVID-19、种族主义和暴力问题及其对 COVID-19 检测差异的影响

• 批准号: 10253208
• 负责人: Katherine G Quinn
• 金额: $ 47.07万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10253208
• 关键词: Address; African American; Age; COVID-19; COVID-19 diagnosis; COVID-19 disparity; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 prevention; COVID-19 test; COVID-19 testing; COVID-19 treatment; Cessation of life; Chicago; Communities; County; Data; Death Rate; Economics; Educational Materials; Educational workshop; Epidemic; Exclusion; Firearms; Future; Gender; Health; Health Personnel; Healthcare Systems; Homicide; Hour; Illinois; Individual; Institutes; Institution; Institutional Racism; Intervention; Interview; Light; Low income; Mediating; Medical; Mental Health; Methods; Neighborhoods; Pathway interactions; Patients; Persons; Police; Policy Research; Poverty; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Psychological Stress; Public Health; RADx Underserved Populations; Race; Recommendation; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sampling; Site; Social Distance; Social Environment; Social Justice; Social support; Stress; Structure; Techniques; Time; Trust; United States; Urban Health; Violence; Wisconsin; base; black men; burden of illness; care systems; caucasian American; cohesion; community based participatory research; coronavirus disease; distrust; experience; fight against; gun violence; health care availability; health organization; improved; infection rate; intervention mapping; killings; maltreatment; medical schools; men; protective factors; psychological trauma; racial discrimination; racial disparity; racism; recruit; residential segregation; social stigma

Project Summary Black communities in the US are experiencing three converging public health crises: COVID-19, systemic racism, and community and police violence. Black Americans are significantly less likely to receive a needed COVID-19 test and have higher rates of COVID-19 infection and death than white Americans. Additionally, Black communities have experienced a surge in gun violence in 2020 and continue to be victims of police harassment and violence, resulting in large-scale social justice demonstrations. The convergence of these epidemics has created a syndemic, wherein racism, violence, and COVID-19 cluster in predominantly Black and low-income communities. The proposed study aims to characterize this syndemic to understand how personal and systemic racism and violence in Black communities may influence COVID-19 testing decisions. This mixed-method study with Black residents of Chicago, IL will result in community-driven recommendations to enhance COVID-19 testing and prevention strategies and address this emerging syndemic. We will examine the potential mediating pathways of medical mistrust, psychological trauma and stress, and economic injustice. Additionally, we will take a strengths-based approach to understand potential protective factors including neighborhood cohesion, social support, and access to health care. The specific aims of the study are to: 1) Qualitatively examine how experiences of racial discrimination, community violence, and police violence influence trust in and engagement with healthcare systems and contribute to decisions around COVID-19 testing and mitigation strategies (e.g. social distancing) among Black individuals in Chicago (N=50); 2) Quantitatively assess the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 testing among Black residents in Chicago (N = 500) and characterize the COVID-19, racism, and violence syndemic; and 3) In partnership with a Community Advisory Council, use an integrative translational workshop approach and intervention mapping techniques to develop community and data-driven recommendations and an intervention blueprint for local health departments, researchers, and public health organizations to improve COVID-19 testing among Black Americans. This study will result in policy and research recommendations, community resources, and a ‘shovel-ready’ intervention blueprint to enhance COVID-19 testing and address this emerging syndemic.

项目总结