Protection of donor kidneys with synchronization modulation electric field (SMEF)

此第二阶段应用程序的目标：1)确定I-SMEF的翻译意义(改进 同步调制电场)在成年约克夏猪肾脏临床前动物模型中的应用 2)确定I-SMEF抗缺血损伤的最佳参数。 供肾在冷藏过程中的变化和移植肾功能的改善。 在第一阶段的提案中，我们开发了一种新技术，名为I-SMEF(正在申请专利)。I-SMEF 不仅控制Na/K泵的活性，还能产生ATP分子。简而言之，通过利用内在的对偶 为了提高Na/K泵的能量转换功能，我们专门设计了I-SMEF来控制Na/K泵的活性。 同时，电场为泵浦分子提供了足够的能量，以便它们可以合成一个。 每一个泵送周期的ATP分子。因此，I-SMEF可以维持Na/K泵的活性。 三磷酸腺苷供应不足或缺乏的情况，如缺氧时。然后，我们演示了 I-SMEF在小鼠供肾上的应用有效保护移植肾功能 肾移植模型。这些数据刚刚发表在《科学转化医学》杂志上。 在这个第二阶段的提案中，我们将通过临床前研究来检验I-SMEF的翻译意义。 成年约克郡猪的猪模型。最大限度地减少免疫反应，关注缺血再灌注 损伤后，我们将采用自体肾移植模型。然后，我们将确定最佳参数，包括 电极对的数量、频率和电压。考虑到它们在大小、解剖结构和 人和成年猪肾脏之间的生理学差异，我们认为从猪身上获得的最佳参数 在第三阶段提案中很容易适用于人类。

The goals of this Phase II application: 1) determine the translational significance of the i-SMEF (improved Synchronization Modulation Electric Field) in a preclinical animal model using adult Yorkshire pigs with kidney autotransplantation; and 2) determine the optimal parameters of the i-SMEF in protection against ischemic injury of the donor kidneys during cold storage and improvement of the transplanted graft function. In the Phase I proposal, we have developed a novel technique, named i-SMEF (patent pending). The i-SMEF not only controls the Na/K pump activity, but also generates ATP molecules. Briefly, by utilizing the intrinsic dual energy transform functions of the Na/K pumps, we specially designed the i-SMEF to control Na/K pump activity. Meanwhile, the electric field provides adequate energy to the pump molecules so that they can synthesize one ATP molecule for each pumping cycle. Consequently, the i-SMEF can maintain the Na/K pumping activity in situations with an insufficient or lack of ATP supply, such as in hypoxia. Then, we demonstrated that the application of the i-SMEF on the donor kidneys effectively protected transplanted graft functions in a mouse kidney transplantation model. These data have just been published in Science Translational Medicine. In this Phase II proposal, we will examine the translational significance of the i-SMEF by using a preclinical porcine model in adult Yorkshire pigs. To minimize the immunoresponse and focus on the ischemia reperfusion injury, we will use kidney autotransplantation model. Then, we will determine the optimal parameters, including the numbers of electrode pairs, frequency, and voltage. Considering the high similarities in size, anatomy and physiology between human and adult pig kidneys, we believe that the optimal parameters obtained from pigs are readily applicable to humans in the Phase III proposal.