Age-related differences in neurobiological systems supporting emotion

支持情绪的神经生物系统与年龄相关的差异

• 批准号: 10606216
• 负责人: Mallory Jean Feldman
• 金额: $ 3.92万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2025-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10606216
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affective; Affective Symptoms; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Attention; Award; Brain; Brain scan; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Central Nervous System; Cognitive aging; Cohort Studies; Communities; Data; Data Analytics; Decision Making; Dementia; Development; Disease; Elderly; Emotional; Emotional disorder; Emotions; Equation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grant; Health; Health Promotion; Healthcare; Informal Social Control; Interoception; Journals; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Mental Health; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Neurobiology; Older Population; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Peer Review; Peripheral; Peripheral Nervous System; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Physiological; Physiology; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Prevention; Process; Productivity; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Scientist; Structure; Supervision; Support System; System; Techniques; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; age difference; age related; aging population; bodily sensation; cognitive process; comparative efficacy; emotion regulation; emotional experience; experience; falls; geriatric depression; graph learning; graph theory; investigator training; lectures; multimodality; neurobiological mechanism; novel; physical conditioning; positive emotional state; skill acquisition; social relationships; support network; symposium; ultra high resolution; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Our global population is aging faster than ever, promising challenges for healthcare and community wellness. Affective processes are known to support health and wellbeing across the lifespan. Consequently, a better understanding of these processes has profound implications for the prevention and treatment of health disorders (e.g., geriatric depression, cardiovascular disease, dementia) and for policies supporting adults into later life. Older adults reliably report greater positive emotions, less aroused negative emotions, and greater emotion regulation efficacy compared to younger adults. These changes have primarily been attributed to age-related shifts in cognitive processes like attention, memory, motivation, control, and self-regulation. However, older adults also demonstrate less robust autonomic responding during emotion, lesser sensitivity to bodily sensations (interoception), and maladaptive gut-based decision-making. Collectively, these findings point to a novel hypothesis: the Physiological Hypothesis of Emotional Aging (PHEA). PHEA hypothesizes that age-related shifts in functional activation and connectivity within the allostatic interoceptive brain network (AIN) produce changes in emotional experience via concurrent changes in interoception and peripheral reactivity. The proposed project evaluates this hypothesis across three scientific aims leveraging data from sponsor Lindquist’s on-going cohort study of adults (n = 120, 18-80 years old). Participants in this study complete an in-lab session, one week of experience sampling, and a functional brain scan yielding measures of physiological reactivity, interoceptive ability, and emotional reactivity both in-lab and in-daily life. The proposed project is accompanied by 6 specific training objectives that will help the applicant to build new expertise in the neurobiology of affective aging, cutting- edge experimental methodologies (e.g., in-scanner acquisition of autonomic physiology, ultrahigh resolution functional brain scanning), and data analytic techniques (e.g., graph theory). The scientific aims and training objectives outlined in this proposal will better our understanding of basic mechanisms underlying healthy and disordered emotional aging; will help scientists, practitioners and policymakers address the health needs of our aging population; and will support the applicant’s transition into a productive and independent research scientist.

项目总结 我们的全球人口老龄化速度比以往任何时候都快，这对医疗保健和社区健康构成了巨大的挑战。 众所周知，情感过程可以在一生中支持健康和幸福感。因此，一个更好的 对这些过程的理解对预防和治疗健康障碍具有深远的意义 (例如，老年性抑郁症、心血管疾病、痴呆症)以及支持成年人晚年生活的政策。 老年人可靠地报告了更多的积极情绪，更少的负面情绪，以及更多的情绪 与年轻人相比，调节效率更高。这些变化主要归因于与年龄有关的 认知过程的变化，如注意力、记忆力、动机、控制力和自我调节。然而，年龄较大的 成年人在情绪过程中的自主神经反应也不那么强烈，对身体感觉的敏感度也较低 (内感)，以及不适应的基于直觉的决策。总的来说，这些发现指向了一部小说 假设：情绪老化的生理学假说(PHEA)。PHEA假设与年龄相关的变化 在功能激活和连通性方面，异位感觉性脑网络(AIN)会产生变化 通过内感和外周反应性的同步变化而产生的情绪体验。拟议中的项目 利用赞助商Lindquist正在进行的队列数据，从三个科学目的对这一假设进行了评估 成人研究(n=120，18-80岁)。这项研究的参与者完成了一个实验室会议，为期一周 经验采样和功能性脑扫描产生生理反应、相互感觉的测量 能力，以及在实验室和日常生活中的情绪反应。拟议的项目伴随着6个具体的 培训目标将帮助申请者在情感衰老、切割-神经生物学方面建立新的专业知识 边缘实验方法(例如，在扫描仪内采集自主神经生理学、超高分辨率 脑功能扫描)和数据分析技术(例如，图论)。科学的目标与培养 本提案中概述的目标将使我们更好地理解 健康和无序的情绪老化；将帮助科学家、从业者和政策制定者解决 我们老龄化人口的健康需求；并将支持申请者过渡到生产性和 独立研究科学家。