Examining the Impact of Pandemic Eviction Prevention Policies on Racial Inequalities in Mortality

检查流行病驱逐预防政策对死亡率种族不平等的影响

• 批准号: 10604658
• 负责人: Peter Hepburn
• 金额: $ 67.65万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-21 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10604658
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Automobile Driving; Black race; Buffers; Cause of Death; Censuses; Cessation of life; Chronic; Communities; Country; County; Data; Data Collection; Data Files; Death Rate; Emergency Situation; Ethnic Origin; Event; Excess Mortality; Exposure to; Face; Female; Future; Gender; Health; Healthcare; Hispanic; Housing; Individual; Inequality; Interview; Lifting; Link; Literature; Location; Measures; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Natural experiment; Occupations; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Play; Policies; Policy Making; Prevention; Process; Quasi-experiment; Race; Records; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Stress; System; Time; Variant; Vital Statistics; Wages; Work; age related; cost; early onset; ethnic difference; experience; gender difference; health equity; health inequalities; housing instability; insight; mortality; pandemic disease; population health; prevent; racial and ethnic; racial discrimination; racial disparity; racial diversity; racism

Project Summary We propose to evaluate the effects of pandemic eviction prevention policies on individual- and area-level death rates, leveraging variation in policies over time and between locations to gain new insight into the relationship between eviction and mortality. Stagnant wages and rising rents over the last several decades have resulted in unprecedented levels of housing cost burden in the U.S. and, in turn, forced millions of renters to face the threat of eviction each year. The pandemic worsened this crisis, resulting in catastrophic job and wage loss, especially for Black, Hispanic, and female renters who already experienced the highest rates of housing insecurity. To prevent a surge in evictions, federal, state, and local policymakers established a range of eviction prevention policies, most notably eviction moratoria and emergency rental assistance (ERA). These policies varied across the country in how and when they were implemented, creating large exogenous variation in eviction risk. We exploit that variation to evaluate the effects of eviction on mortality and inequalities in mortality. In so doing, we provide insight into the potential for eviction prevention policies to advance health equity. Our project has three aims: 1) We examine the effect of eviction filings on all-cause adult mortality by age, race/ethnicity, and gender using a unique linkage of individual eviction filing records and Census Bureau microdata. We also estimate the number of lives saved by eviction prevention policies and project mortality gains had more protective measures been comprehensively implemented. 2) We analyze the effects of eviction prevention policies on county-level mortality using a difference-and-differences framework. We analyze how the staggered lifting of eviction moratoria (2020) and disbursal of ERA (2021-22) affected all-cause, cause- specific, and age-specific adult mortality, with a focus on racial/ethnic and gender variations in these associations. 3) We explore the lived experience of eviction prevention policies using in-depth interview data collected with a diverse sample of renters across two distinct policy landscapes. Our project combines the strengths of multiple approaches. Our unique linkage of individual-level eviction-filing and mortality records allows us to produce precise estimates of deaths averted due to eviction prevention policies. We also leverage natural experiments to examine the causal impact of these policies on county-level measures of mortality, capturing potential spillover effects. And our qualitative data help to clarify mechanisms underlying these impacts. Housing policy has played a significant role in producing racial inequalities. Our project identifies the potential for housing policies to redress these harms and advance health equity.

项目摘要 我们建议评估大流行驱逐预防政策对个人和地区死亡的影响 费率，利用政策随时间和地点的变化，以获得对关系的新见解 驱逐和死亡之间的关系过去几十年来，工资停滞不前，租金不断上涨， 美国住房成本负担达到前所未有的水平，反过来又迫使数百万租房者面临 每年都有被驱逐的威胁。大流行病使这场危机恶化，导致灾难性的就业和工资损失， 特别是对于黑人，西班牙裔和女性租房者，他们已经经历了最高的住房率 不安全感为了防止驱逐的激增，联邦，州和地方的政策制定者建立了一系列的 预防驱逐政策，最著名的是暂停驱逐和紧急租赁援助（ERA）。这些 全国各地的政策在实施方式和实施时间上各不相同，造成了巨大的外生差异 驱逐风险。我们利用这种变化来评估驱逐对死亡率和不平等的影响， mortality.在这样做的过程中，我们提供了深入了解驱逐预防政策的潜力，以促进健康 股权我们的项目有三个目标：1）我们通过以下方式研究驱逐申请对全因成人死亡率的影响： 年龄、种族/民族和性别，使用个人驱逐申请记录和人口普查局的独特联系 微观数据我们还估算了预防驱逐政策挽救的生命数量和项目死亡率 在这方面，已经全面实施了更多的保护措施。2)我们分析了驱逐的影响 采用差异和差异框架，制定州一级死亡率预防政策。我们分析如何 交错取消暂停驱逐（2020年）和支付ERA（2021 - 22年）影响了所有原因，原因- 具体和具体年龄的成年人死亡率，重点是种族/族裔和性别差异， 协会. 3)我们使用深度访谈数据探索驱逐预防政策的生活经验 在两个不同的政策环境中收集了不同的租房者样本。我们的项目结合了 多种方法的优势。我们独特的个人层面的驱逐申请和死亡率记录的联系 使我们能够准确估计由于预防驱逐政策而避免的死亡人数。我们还利用 自然实验，以检查这些政策对县级死亡率措施的因果影响， 捕捉潜在的溢出效应。我们的定性数据有助于阐明这些机制 影响。住房政策在造成种族不平等方面发挥了重要作用。我们的项目确定了 住房政策有可能纠正这些危害并促进健康公平。