The Impact of Natural Locomotion on Visual Processing

项目总结 视觉是一个动态的过程，不断地编码依赖于一个人的自我运动和视觉刺激的视觉刺激 不断变化的视觉场景。过去的研究表明，运动对大脑的视觉加工有调节作用。 许多大脑区域，有助于调节增益，空间分辨率处理，并潜在地 注意状态，仅举几例。其中许多调查的警告是，它们是在 限制动物头部固定和限制在球面上移动的受限实验条件 跑步机。因此，自然的、自由移动的运动对视觉处理的影响仍然未知。 我们已经开发了记录自由运动过程中视觉反应的方法。我们将把它应用于 研究两个关键的视觉大脑区域，初级视觉皮质(V1)和上丘(SC)是如何 受自然运动的调制，并比较两种不同的体内实验电生理条件： 头部固定，动作自然。在目标1中，我将在V1中使用体内电生理学来分析视觉 在两种实验条件下的反应，并具体分析了运动对 受对比抑制的单元格。在目标2中，我将使用SC的体内电生理学来分析视觉反应 两种实验条件下，比较窄视野垂直神经元和宽视野垂直神经元的运动调制。 野生型垂直神经元。这些目标加在一起将决定自然运动对视觉的影响 在全局级别和单元类型特定级别上以V1和SC进行处理。拟议中的实验还将 为未来旨在解剖自然视觉背后的神经回路的研究提供信息，并提供实验 可用于在各种任务中研究自由移动视觉神经科学的范例。

PROJECT SUMMARY Vision is a dynamic process, constantly encoding visual stimuli that depend on both one's self motion and the ever changing visual scene. Past studies have suggested that locomotion modulates visual processing in numerous brain regions, contributing to modulations of gain, spatial resolution processing, and potentially attentional state, to name a few. The caveat of many of these investigations is that they were performed in restrained experimental conditions that limited animals to head-fixation and limited locomotion on a spherical treadmill. Therefore, the impact of natural, freely moving locomotion on visual processing remains unknown. We have developed methods to record visual responses during free movement. We will apply this to investigate how two key visual brain regions, primary visual cortex (V1) and superior colliculus (SC) are modulated by natural locomotion, and compare two distinct experimental in vivo electrophysiology conditions: head-fixed and natural locomotion. In Aim 1, I will use in vivo electrophysiology in V1 to analyze visual responses in both experimental conditions as well as specifically analyzing the impact of locomotion on suppressed-by-contrast cells. In Aim 2, I will use in vivo electrophysiology in SC to analyze visual responses in both experimental conditions and compare the locomotor modulation of narrow-field vertical neurons and wide- field vertical neurons. Together, these aims will determine the impact of natural locomotion on visual processing in V1 and SC on a global level and at a cell type specific level. The proposed experiments will also inform future studies aimed at dissecting the neural circuits underlying natural vision and provide experimental paradigms that may be utilized to study free moving visual neuroscience in a variety of tasks.