Exploring how bystanders' own intoxication influences their ability to intervene appropriately

摘要 目前的多样性补充扩大了父母补助金的目标（R15 AA 028910）。父母补助金 是一个为期3年的R15区域项目，旨在创建新的旁观者干预问题酒精使用 测量（BIPAUM），具体目标是：1）开发测量并确定以下各项的心理测量特性： PAU的旁观者干预，和2）验证BIPAUM。为了实现具体目标一，20个焦点小组已 在来自不同群体的不同大学生中进行（即，白色，黑人/非裔美国人，拉丁裔， 中东/阿拉伯，亚裔美国人，男性，女性，LGBTQIA+，姐妹会成员，兄弟会成员）， 确定大学生经历过的现实饮酒情景，并确定干预的机会。 学生反馈将告知BIPAUM措施的项目开发，然后将按照以下流程进行： 验证，以最终创建一个有效的措施旁观者行为的问题酒精使用（PAU）。 补充问题被添加到焦点小组指南中，扩展了 本研究虽然父母补助金简要询问了可能因PAU而出现的风险情况，但它没有 检查旁观者干预如何根据情况而看起来不同（即，导致性行为的事件 攻击[SA]）。母研究也没有检查导致潜在的酒精相关或促进的事件 危险情况（即，在SA中，寻求同意或涉及酒精的胁迫策略）。最后，家长研究 没有检查旁观者中毒对注意、解释、承担责任或 干预这些饮酒的情况。这些额外的问题将有助于加强我们对现实的理解。 不同大学生中的饮酒情况和可能出现的潜在后果（即，酒精- 协助性侵犯），并告知我们对PAU旁观者行为的测量。本补充申请 在确定导致问题饮酒有害后果的事件以及如何 干预，这将有助于旁观者干预和酒精促进性侵犯的文献。 创造高度现实和知情的旁观者干预措施可能会更有效地增加有益的 旁观者行为这一补充申请促进了健康相关研究的多样性， 有针对性的指导和培训，以早期的科学家在该领域谁将能够发展自己的方法 技能，获得领导拟议活动的研究经验，并获得参与 编写手稿和传播调查结果。最后，候选人将写一个f31补助金毕竟 完成拟议的活动，继续努力开发和实施一个简短的旁观者 酒精促进性侵犯的干预。

Abstract The current diversity supplement extends the aims of the parent grant (R15AA028910). The parent grant is a 3-year R15 AREA project designed to create the novel Bystander Intervention for Problematic Alcohol Use Measure (BIPAUM), with specific aims to 1) develop the measure and establish the psychometric properties of bystander intervention for PAU, and 2) validate the BIPAUM. To address specific aim one, 20 focus groups have been conducted among diverse college students from various groups (i.e., White, Black/African American, Latinx, Middle Eastern/Arab, Asian American, men, women, LGBTQIA+, sorority members, fraternity members) to identify realistic drinking scenarios college students have experienced and identify opportunities for intervention. Student feedback will inform item development of the BIPAUM measure which will then go under the process of validation to ultimately create a validated measure of bystander behaviors for problematic alcohol use (PAU). Supplemental questions were added to the focus group guide that extends previously unforeseen components of this study. While the parent grant briefly asks about risky situations that may arise as a result of PAU, it does not examine how bystander intervention may look different depending on the situation (i.e., events leading to sexual assault [SA]). The parent study also does not examine events leading up to potential alcohol-related or facilitated risky situations (i.e., in SA, consent-seeking or coercive strategies involving alcohol). Lastly, the parent study does not examine the influence of bystander intoxication on ability to notice, interpret, assume responsibility, or intervene in these drinking situations. These additional questions will help enhance our understanding of realistic drinking situations among diverse college students and potential consequences that may arise (i.e., alcohol- facilitated sexual assault) and inform our measure of bystander behavior for PAU. This supplemental application is important in identifying events leading up to harmful consequences of problematic drinking and ways to intervene that will contribute to the literature on bystander intervention and alcohol-facilitated sexual assaults. Creating highly realistic and informed bystander interventions may more effectively lead to increases in helpful bystander behaviors. This supplemental application promotes diversity in health-related research by providing targeted mentorship and training to an early scientist in the field who will be able to develop their methodological skills, gain research experience leading the proposed activities, and gain opportunities to be involved in manuscript development and dissemination of findings. Lastly, the candidate will write an f31 grant after all proposed activities are completed to continue the efforts of developing and implementing a brief bystander intervention for alcohol-facilitated sexual assault.