Progressive acquisition of novel neural crest derivatives along the neural axis during vertebrate evolution

脊椎动物进化过程中沿神经轴逐步获得新型神经嵴衍生物

• 批准号: 10617203
• 负责人: Marianne Bronner
• 金额: $ 57.13万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-15 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10617203
• 关键词: Adult; Amaze; Autonomic nervous system; Brain; Cartilage; Cells; Cephalic; Cleft Palate; Congenital Abnormality; Congenital Megacolon; Development; Disease; Enhancers; Enteric Nervous System; Evolution; Ganglia; Genes; Genetic Enhancer Element; Genetic Transcription; Head; Homologous Gene; Jaw; Lampreys; Lead; Neural Crest; Neural Crest Cell; Neuroblastoma; Neuroglia; Neurons; Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences; Peripheral; Peripheral Nerves; Pheochromocytoma; Pigments; Play; Population; Predatory Behavior; Reporter; Role; Schwann Cells; Sensory; Skeleton; Skin; Testing; Tissues; Vertebrates; Zebrafish; cancer type; cell type; craniofacial; embryo cell; invention; melanocyte; melanoma; neural; novel; stem cells; transcription factor; vertebrate embryos

The neural crest is a uniquely vertebrate cell type that is thought to have played an important role in vertebrate evolution by forming peripheral ganglia and jaws, thus facilitating predation and expansion of the brain. We recently identified a “cranial-specific” neural crest transcriptional subcircuit in jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) that imbues this neural crest population with the unique ability, absent from trunk neural crest, to form craniofacial cartilage that is critical for jaw formation. Here, we propose to examine whether homologous genes are expressed in the cranial premigratory neural crest of lamprey, a jawless basal vertebrate (agnathan). Our preliminary results suggest that many of these genes are “missing” from the lamprey's premigratory cranial neural crest, thus challenging the hypothesis that invention of neural crest in vertebrates gave rise to a “New Head”. Accordingly, we hypothesize that there was progressive expansion of neural crest derivatives during the course of vertebrate evolution. This likely occurred by addition of new enhancer elements into the premigratory neural crest that conferred novel developmental potential onto this cell population. As case in point, lamprey lack a vagal neural crest that in gnathostomes forms the enteric nervous system. To test this hypothesis, we will perform lineage analysis, analyze transcription factors and regulatory regions of selected genes across agnathan and gnathostomes. We will identify putative enhancers, dissect their regulatory inputs, and test the ability of these regions to drive reporter expression in lamprey as well as cross-species, in the zebrafish. The results promise to elucidate how new cell types arose during vertebrate evolution under the umbrella of the neural crest.

神经嵴是一种独特的脊椎动物细胞类型，被认为在神经细胞的发育中起着重要的作用