Building Research Capacity for Firearm Safety Among Children

在美国儿童中，与枪支有关的死亡是第二大死亡原因，包括无意的， 一个蹒跚学步的孩子和一个玩伴意外开枪，一个孩子使用枪支自我造成伤害， 自杀的青少年，以及青少年将欺凌或约会暴力升级为致命手段。实质性 与枪支有关的伤害存在差异，非洲裔美国儿童受到 意外和攻击性火器伤害，农村青年死于火器自杀的比例过高。 近几十年来，尽管儿童火器伤害率大幅下降， 在非火器致命伤害，由于一种方法，包括改善流行病学数据，行为， 修改和技术解决方案。相比之下，枪支伤害的研究资金和出版物 滞后，导致目前既有研究人员也有发展中的研究人员短缺， 需要大量的工作和文献来支持大规模的研究。2013年医学研究所（IOM）的一份报告详细介绍了 然而，迫切需要进行新颖和创新的研究来解决这一不足，主要集中在 成人人口。该提案以移徙组织的这些建议为基础，并利用多学科研究成果 美国各地的专业知识，以及枪支拥有者的利益相关者伙伴团体，以促进科学， 预防儿童火器伤害，首要目标是减少儿童火器伤害， 也尊重枪支所有权作为美国社会文化结构的重要组成部分。我们的具体目标是： 目标#1：创建一个由研究人员和利益相关者合作伙伴组成的多学科团队， 五个工作组的火器伤害研究议程;目标#2：通过以下方式促进新的火器预防研究： 让工作组进行试点研究，解决目标1中确定的关键研究问题， 为大规模研究提供信息的初步数据;目标3：改进国家枪支数据的获取和使用 并通过以下方式简化未来的二次分析：1）建立一个基于网络的可搜索的儿童数据档案 火器伤，使可变水平的搜索和交叉研究比较;和，2）增强 并改进现有儿科数据集（如PECARN核心）中的儿科火器伤数据收集 目标4：建立一支国家研究学者骨干队伍， 多学科培训和专业知识，将作为未来研究的新兴渠道。预计 这项为期五年的资助将产生六个研究资源：1）共识文件，详细说明 儿科火器伤预防的科学和关键研究问题的状态; 2）试点数据， 支持五项大型研究计划; 3）一个网上数据档案及可供搜寻的研究资料库 4）通过以下方式增加收集儿童火器伤害数据的机会 现有的国家网络（例如，PECARN）; 5）一批新的研究人员（博士后学生）， 该研究领域;和6）网络研讨会系列，以告知全国研究人员在这一主题领域。

Among U.S. children, firearm-related fatalities are the 2nd leading cause of death and include the unintentional, accidental discharge of a firearm by a toddler with a playmate, the use of a firearm to self-inflict harm by a suicidal teen, and the escalation of bullying or dating violence to lethal means by an adolescent. Substantial disparities exist in firearm-related injuries, with African-American children disproportionally impacted by unintentional and assaultive firearm injury, and rural youth disproportionately dying of suicide by firearm. Childhood firearm injury rates have remained unchanged in the recent decades despite significant reductions in non-firearm fatal injuries due to an approach that includes improved epidemiologic data, behavior modifications, and technological solutions. In contrast, research funding and publications for firearm injury have lagged, leading to a current deficit of both established and developing researchers, as well as a lack of pilot work and literature needed to support large scale studies. A 2013 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report detailed the urgent need for novel and innovative research to address this deficit, however, was primarily focused on adult populations. This proposal builds on these IOM recommendations and utilizes multidisciplinary research expertise across the U.S., as well as stakeholder partner groups of gun owners, to catalyze the science of childhood firearm injury prevention with the overarching goal of reducing firearm injuries among children while also respecting gun ownership as an important part of the cultural fabric of US society. Our specific aims are: Aim #1: Create a multidisciplinary team of researchers and stakeholder partners to define a pediatric-specific firearm injury research agenda for the five workgroups; Aim #2: Stimulate novel firearm prevention research by having workgroups conduct pilot studies that address key research questions identified in Aim 1, to provide preliminary data that informs large-scale studies; Aim #3: Improve access to and use of national firearm data and ease future secondary analyses by: 1) Establishing a web-based searchable data archive for childhood firearm injury that is enabled with variable-level searching and cross-study comparisons; and, 2) Enhancing and improving pediatric firearm injury data collection in existing pediatric datasets such as the PECARN core data project and the PECARN registry database; Aim #4: Build a cadre of national research scholars with multidisciplinary training and expertise that will serve as an emerging pipeline for future research. Expected outcomes of this five-year grant will be to create six research resources: 1) consensus documents detailing the state of the science and key research questions for pediatric firearm injury prevention; 2) pilot data to support five large-scale research proposals; 3) a web-based data archive and searchable research repository on childhood firearm injury; 4) enhanced data collection opportunities on childhood firearm injuries through existing national networks (e.g., PECARN); 5) a cadre of new researchers (postdoctoral students) focused in this research area; and 6) a webinar series to inform researchers nationally in this topic area.