Building Research Capacity for Firearm Safety Among Children

在美国儿童中，与枪支有关的死亡是第二大死因，包括无意的， 幼儿与玩伴意外开枪，使用枪支自残 有自杀倾向的青少年，以及青少年将欺凌或约会暴力升级为致命手段。相当可观 在与枪支有关的伤害方面存在差异，非裔美国儿童受到 非故意和攻击性枪伤，农村青年不成比例地死于枪支自杀。 近几十年来，儿童火器伤害率保持不变，尽管显著下降 在非枪械致命性伤害中，由于采用了一种包括改善流行病学数据、行为 修改和技术解决方案。相比之下，针对枪伤的研究经费和出版物 滞后，导致目前现有和发展中的研究人员不足，以及缺乏试点 支持大规模研究所需的工作和文献。2013年医学研究所(IOM)的一份报告详细说明 然而，迫切需要新颖和创新的研究来解决这一不足，主要集中在 成年人口。这项建议建立在国际移民组织的这些建议之上，并利用了多学科的研究 全美各地的专业知识，以及枪支拥有者的利益相关者合作伙伴团体，以催化 儿童枪伤预防，首要目标是减少儿童的枪伤，同时 还尊重枪支拥有权，认为这是美国社会文化结构的重要组成部分。我们的具体目标是： 目标1：创建一个由研究人员和利益相关者合作伙伴组成的多学科团队，以定义儿科专科 五个工作组的火器伤害研究议程；目标2：通过以下方式促进新的枪支预防研究 让工作组进行试点研究，以解决目标1中确定的关键研究问题，以提供 为大规模研究提供信息的初步数据；目标3：改进国家枪支数据的获取和使用 并通过以下方式简化未来的二次分析：1)建立基于Web的儿童可搜索数据档案 能够进行可变级别搜索和交叉研究比较的枪伤；以及，2)增强 以及改进现有儿科数据集(如PECARN CORE)中的儿科枪伤数据收集 数据项目和PECARN登记册数据库；目标4：建立一支国家研究学者队伍 多学科培训和专业知识，将成为未来研究的新兴渠道。预期 这项为期五年的拨款的结果将是创建六个研究资源：1)协商一致的文件，详细说明 儿童火器伤预防的科学现状和重点研究问题；2)试点数据 支持五个大型研究提案；3)基于Web的数据存档和可搜索的研究存储库 关于儿童枪伤；4)通过以下途径增加收集儿童枪伤数据的机会 现有的国家网络(如PECARN)；5)一批新的研究人员(博士后)，重点放在 这一研究领域；以及6)一系列网络研讨会，向全国这一主题领域的研究人员通报情况。

Among U.S. children, firearm-related fatalities are the 2nd leading cause of death and include the unintentional, accidental discharge of a firearm by a toddler with a playmate, the use of a firearm to self-inflict harm by a suicidal teen, and the escalation of bullying or dating violence to lethal means by an adolescent. Substantial disparities exist in firearm-related injuries, with African-American children disproportionally impacted by unintentional and assaultive firearm injury, and rural youth disproportionately dying of suicide by firearm. Childhood firearm injury rates have remained unchanged in the recent decades despite significant reductions in non-firearm fatal injuries due to an approach that includes improved epidemiologic data, behavior modifications, and technological solutions. In contrast, research funding and publications for firearm injury have lagged, leading to a current deficit of both established and developing researchers, as well as a lack of pilot work and literature needed to support large scale studies. A 2013 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report detailed the urgent need for novel and innovative research to address this deficit, however, was primarily focused on adult populations. This proposal builds on these IOM recommendations and utilizes multidisciplinary research expertise across the U.S., as well as stakeholder partner groups of gun owners, to catalyze the science of childhood firearm injury prevention with the overarching goal of reducing firearm injuries among children while also respecting gun ownership as an important part of the cultural fabric of US society. Our specific aims are: Aim #1: Create a multidisciplinary team of researchers and stakeholder partners to define a pediatric-specific firearm injury research agenda for the five workgroups; Aim #2: Stimulate novel firearm prevention research by having workgroups conduct pilot studies that address key research questions identified in Aim 1, to provide preliminary data that informs large-scale studies; Aim #3: Improve access to and use of national firearm data and ease future secondary analyses by: 1) Establishing a web-based searchable data archive for childhood firearm injury that is enabled with variable-level searching and cross-study comparisons; and, 2) Enhancing and improving pediatric firearm injury data collection in existing pediatric datasets such as the PECARN core data project and the PECARN registry database; Aim #4: Build a cadre of national research scholars with multidisciplinary training and expertise that will serve as an emerging pipeline for future research. Expected outcomes of this five-year grant will be to create six research resources: 1) consensus documents detailing the state of the science and key research questions for pediatric firearm injury prevention; 2) pilot data to support five large-scale research proposals; 3) a web-based data archive and searchable research repository on childhood firearm injury; 4) enhanced data collection opportunities on childhood firearm injuries through existing national networks (e.g., PECARN); 5) a cadre of new researchers (postdoctoral students) focused in this research area; and 6) a webinar series to inform researchers nationally in this topic area.