Biomaterial Drones for Image-Guided Drug Delivery during radiotherapy

项目摘要 本申请是针对特别利益通知(NOSI)而提交的 不是-CA-22-057。国家癌症研究所的目标是刺激或加强全球癌症健康差异。 研究。全球癌症健康差距的主要领域之一是获得放射治疗，受雇于 治疗超过50%的癌症患者。根据最近的世界卫生组织 关于撒哈拉以南非洲的癌症报告和柳叶刀肿瘤委员会报告，这些差异是 对非洲人来说尤其令人担忧，这可能是获得放射治疗的差异的根本原因 在美国的非裔美国人/移民人口中也可以看到这种情况。更好的理解和 减少在获得放射治疗方面的这些差距的创新方法对于解决 不断增加的全球癌症负担和癌症死亡人数的差异。具有潜力的创新方法 为了显著减少获得放射治疗的差距，包括使用循证医学 低分割放射治疗(HFRT)和智能放射治疗生物材料(SRB)，它们正在 在母公司R01赠款下开发。可以使用SRB来代替目前使用的惰性物质 放射治疗生物材料(基准和信标)。初步研究表明，SRB 当与HFRT联合使用时，可以提高局部和转移的肿瘤杀伤率。然而，一个主要的 科学文献中的差距是高频放射治疗和放射治疗的采用和使用程度 非洲国家癌症中心的生物材料和目前可用的基础设施，包括人类 在SRB中采用这种方法的基础设施。因此，在这个补充项目中，我们 将调查循证高频放射治疗和放射治疗在采用和使用方面的差异 生物材料在非洲与美国的比较，以及可能导致使用 使用SRBS的HFRT。这一项目产生的公布数据将对制定政策至关重要 在非洲增加接受放射治疗的机会。公布的数据也将与规划高度相关 美国-非洲多中心临床试验，由R01资助的项目产生，由多元化公司参与 包括非洲人和非裔美国人在内的人群在临床试验中传统上代表不足。 此外，随着新冠肺炎的进一步发展，这项工作在全球卫生领域的意义更加重大 暴露了在获得护理方面的差距，专业协会建议增加 使用循证高频放射治疗。

Project Abstract This application is being submitted in response to the Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) identified as NOT-CA-22-057. The goal of the NOSI is to stimulate or strengthen global cancer health disparities research. One of the major area of global cancer health disparities is in access to radiotherapy, employed in the treatment of over 50% of cancer patients. According to the recent World Health Organization Cancer Report and Lancet Oncology Commission Report for Sub-Saharan Africa, these disparities are particularly alarming for African populations and may underlie the disparities in access to radiotherapy also seen among African American/immigrant populations in the USA. A greater understanding and innovative approaches to reduce these disparities in access to radiotherapy are crucial in addressing the growing global burden of cancer and disparities in cancer deaths. Innovative approaches with potential to significantly reduce disparities in access to radiotherapy include use of evidence-based hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) and smart radiotherapy biomaterials (SRBs), which are being developed under the parent R01 grant. The SRBs can be employed in place of currently used inert radiotherapy biomaterials (fiducials and beacons). Preliminary studies have established that the SRBs can boost both local and metastatic tumor kill when used in conjunction with HFRT. However, a major gap in the scientific literature is the extent of adoption and utilization of HFRT and radiotherapy biomaterials at African country cancer centers and the currently available infrastructure, including human infrastructure for adoption of such an approach with the SRBs. Hence, in this supplement project, we will investigate disparities in the adoption and utilization of evidence-based HFRT and radiotherapy biomaterials in Africa in comparison with the USA, and potential cost savings that could result in use of HFRT with SRBs. Published data resulting from this project will be crucial in informing policy on increasing access to radiotherapy in Africa. The published data will also be highly relevant in planning USA-Africa multi-center clinical trials resulting from the R01-funded project with participation of diverse populations, including Africans and African Americans traditionally underrepresented in clinical trials. Moreover, the significance of this work is even greater now in global health as COVID-19 has further exposed the level of disparities in access to care, with professional societies recommending increased use of evidence-based HFRT.