Maximizing the reach of universal child sexual abuse prevention: An equivalence trial

最大限度地扩大普遍预防儿童性虐待的范围：等效试验

• 批准号: 10739900
• 负责人: Katelyn Guastaferro
• 金额: $ 39.97万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-19 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10739900
• 关键词: 13 year old; Accounting; Address; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Age; Body part; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Child; Child Sexual Abuse; Computer software; Cost Analysis; Data; Development; Disclosure; Dissemination and Implementation; Economic Burden; Education; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Experimental Designs; Future; Government; Human Resources; Income; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investments; Knowledge; Laws; Learning; Link; Maintenance; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; New York; Pennsylvania; Persons; Pilot Projects; Play; Policies; Pre-Post Tests; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Prevention trial; Preventive; Primary Prevention; Privatization; Program Accessibility; Provider; Public Health; Puppet; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Rural; Safety; Sample Size; Schools; Self Perception; Site; Societies; Students; System; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Trust; Universities; Videoconferencing; Wages; abuse liability; acceptability and feasibility; aged; biopsychosocial; boys; cluster randomized design; community organizations; compare effectiveness; cost; cost effective; design; evidence base; flexibility; follow-up; girls; help-seeking behavior; high risk; implementation fidelity; pandemic disease; pilot test; prevent; programs; public health priorities; public health relevance; racial diversity; school closure; second grade; skills; student retention; tool; universal prevention; virtual; virtual delivery

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a public health problem affecting 1 in 5 girls and 1 in 12 boys before age 18. National estimates indicate children ages 7 to 13 are at highest risk for CSA and CSA is associated with lifelong negative sequelae. School-based prevention programs offer cost-effective universal programming teaching students personal safety skills, knowledge to identify boundary violations and unwanted forms of touch or contact, how to refuse approaches or invitations effectively, increase agency and access to resources. Several programs have demonstrated effectiveness in increasing children’s knowledge of self-protection and some have been linked with facilitating disclosures, including Safe Touches. Effectiveness notwithstanding, the programmatic reach of universal school-based programs is limited by the inherent reliance on school infrastructure and a dearth of available alternative delivery modalities, such as virtual delivery. This was most recently highlighted by the unprecedented school closures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 wherein the infrastructure for prevention programming, and therefore the potential for school staff to identify potential abuse and disclosures, was eliminated. These circumstances, though unusual, highlighted the need for flexibility in the mode of delivery for effective school based preventive education programs even outside of pandemic times. Though some evidence-based school-based programs may have transitioned to virtual delivery, none have been empirically evaluated nor were they empirically compared against in-person versions. The proposed R21 is designed to address this gap in the CSA prevention research field, uniquely leveraging an existing partnership between university-based researchers (NYU), the Safe Touches model developer (NYSPCC), and community-based organizations with active implementations of Safe Touches in two states representing urban/rural, low/high income, and racially diverse settings. The study will use a rigorous cluster randomized design to determine the equivalence of effectiveness between two delivery modalities of Safe Touches: in- person vs. virtual. We will determine the equivalence of concept learning acquisition (Aim 1) and retention (Aim 2) among students in classrooms (N=180) that receive the in-person (n = 90) or virtual (n=90) Safe Touches workshop. To conclude equivalence, it is important to examine factors that may impact future dissemination and implementation, specifically program adoption among school personnel and implementation fidelity (Aim 3). Study findings will inform the ongoing development of effective CSA prevention programs and policy decisions regarding the sustainable integration of such programs within school systems. Given the scope and burden of CSA, especially among elementary aged students, it is a public health priority to efficiently disseminate effective school-based prevention programs on a wide scale.

儿童性虐待（CSA）是一个公共卫生问题，影响18岁之前的五分之一女孩和十二分之一男孩。 国家估计表明，7至13岁的儿童患CSA的风险最高，CSA与 终身负面后遗症。以学校为基础的预防方案提供具有成本效益的普遍方案 教授学生个人安全技能，知识，以确定边界侵犯和不必要的形式， 触摸或接触，如何有效地拒绝接近或邀请，增加代理和获得资源。 一些方案已证明在提高儿童的自我保护知识和 有些与促进披露有关，包括安全接触。尽管有效， 普遍的以学校为基础的计划的范围受到固有的对学校的依赖的限制 基础设施和缺乏可用的替代交付方式，如虚拟交付。这是最 最近，为了缓解COVID-19的传播，学校史无前例地关闭， 预防方案的基础设施，因此学校工作人员有可能发现潜在的虐待行为 和披露，已被删除。这些情况虽然不寻常，但突出表明需要灵活处理， 有效的学校预防教育方案的提供模式，即使在大流行之外 次虽然一些以证据为基础的校本课程可能已经过渡到虚拟交付，但没有一个 已经被经验性地评估过，也没有经验性地与亲身经历的版本进行比较。拟议 R21旨在解决CSA预防研究领域的这一差距，独特地利用现有的 基于大学的研究人员（纽约大学），安全触摸模型开发商（NYSPCC）， 在两个州积极实施安全触摸的社区组织， 城市/农村、低收入/高收入和种族多样化的环境。该研究将使用严格的随机分组 旨在确定两种安全接触输送方式之间的有效性等效性： 人与虚拟我们将确定概念学习获得（目标1）和保持（目标2）的等价性 2)在教室（N=180）中接受面对面（n = 90）或虚拟（n=90）安全触摸的学生中 车间为了得出等效性结论，重要的是要检查可能影响未来传播的因素 和实施，特别是学校人员和实施保真度（Aim （3）第三章。研究结果将为有效的CSA预防计划和政策的持续发展提供信息 关于在学校系统内可持续地整合这些方案的决定。鉴于范围和 CSA的负担，特别是在小学年龄的学生中，有效地 广泛传播有效的学校预防方案。