Local labor market contexts and substance use in young and middle adulthood: Using agent-based modeling to guide substance use prevention strategies

当地劳动力市场环境和青壮年的物质使用：使用基于主体的模型来指导物质使用预防策略

• 批准号: 10740252
• 负责人: Sehun Oh
• 金额: $ 17.51万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740252
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Analgesics; Appalachian Region; Area; Award; Behavior; Categories; Characteristics; Cocaine; Collaborations; Communities; County; Crime; Data; Development; Development Plans; Disease; Disparate; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug Prescriptions; Drug usage; Economics; Employment; Employment Opportunities; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Etiology; Family; Feeling hopeless; Fentanyl; Frustration; Future; Geography; Goals; Health; Heroin; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Industry; Injury; Instruction; Intervention; Knowledge; Laws; Light; Link; Manuals; Marijuana; Marketing; Measures; Mediator; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methamphetamine; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth; Occupational; Occupations; Ohio; Opioid; Outcome; Overdose; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Policies; Policy Developments; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Probability; Public Health; Public Policy; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Science; Series; Services; Shapes; Shock; Social Policies; Social Work; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Supervision; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Training; Training Activity; Training Programs; Translational Research; United States; Urban Community; Violence; Wages; Work; Workplace; behavioral health; career development; contextual factors; cost; design; disability; disability risk; experience; experimental study; geographic difference; healing; improved; local economy; manufacture; marijuana legalization; methamphetamine use; models and simulation; mortality; opioid use; overdose death; overdose risk; pandemic disease; physical conditioning; pill; polysubstance use; prescription monitoring program; research study; rural counties; skills; socioeconomics; statistics; substance use; substance use prevention; synthetic opioid; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: This K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will provide the candidate, Sehun Oh, PhD., with protected time and resources to facilitate his transition to research independence in substance use and prevention research. Although we have been observing disconcerting rates of substance-related problems, including overdose (OD) deaths, in communities with declining economic opportunities (especially in the Appalachian and Rust Belt areas), we do not have firm theoretical and empirical evidence to explain how local labor market contexts may affect substance use (SU) and development of substance use disorder (SUD) and OD as well as what effective policy interventions might reverse the trends. Building on his interdisciplinary background in economics, substance use epidemiology, and social policy, the candidate will engage in structured training and research activities to acquire substantive and methodological expertise to elucidate the role of local labor market contexts in SU/SUD/OD. Specifically, the proposed career development plan is designed to achieve three training goals: (1) deepening the candidate’s understanding of local economic contexts (especially the types and qualities of available jobs) as a key etiology of substance use problems and its socioeconomic, physical, and behavioral health mechanisms; (2) developing expertise in agent-based modeling and supporting methods (causal inference and spatial analysis) for local SU/SUD/OD projections; and (3) gain hands-on experiences in research translation and dissemination to inform prevention policy development. A series of training activities have been carefully designed, including coursework in epidemiology, public policy, developmental economics and social work; individualized instruction; mentored training; and research collaborations over five years. This training also will be achieved by conducting a minimum of three research studies that address the following aims: (1) elucidating the role of the local labor market (re)structuring in SU/SUD among individuals in young/middle adulthood, (2) developing agent-based models to make SU/SUD/OD projections in Ohio until 2030 and to conduct policy experiments to assess the preventive effects of employment and substance supply-related interventions. To address these aims, the candidate will integrate and analyze various administrative and survey data (related to local labor market contexts, SU/SUD/OD, and other environmental characteristics); test the effects of industry-specific job availability (and its changes) and socioeconomic/physical/behavioral health mediators on SU/SUD/OD; develop agent-based modeling to make robust projections in Ohio based on local labor market outlook; and conduct simulated experiments to assess the preventive impacts of employment- and substance supply-related policies using agent-based models. By the end of the award period, the candidate will be positioned as one of the few investigators in the United States with the requisite knowledge and skills to use systems science and simulation modeling to inform substance use prevention policies, especially for communities experiencing economic restructuring and/or contractions.

项目总结/摘要： 这个K 01指导研究科学家发展奖将提供候选人，Sehun Oh，博士，与 保护时间和资源，以促进他在物质使用方面向研究独立性的过渡， 预防研究。虽然我们一直注意到与物质有关的问题的发生率令人不安， 包括过量（OD）死亡，在经济机会减少的社区（特别是在 阿巴拉契亚和锈带地区），我们没有坚实的理论和经验证据来解释当地如何 劳动力市场环境可能会影响物质使用（SU）和物质使用障碍（SUD）的发展， OD以及哪些有效的政策干预可能扭转这一趋势。基于他的跨学科 在经济学，物质使用流行病学和社会政策的背景下，候选人将从事结构化的 培训和研究活动，以获得实质性和方法方面的专门知识， 在SU/SUD/OD的劳动力市场背景下。具体而言，拟议的职业发展计划旨在实现 三个培训目标：（1）加深候选人对当地经济背景的理解（特别是 现有工作的类型和质量）作为药物使用问题及其社会经济的一个关键病因， 身体和行为健康机制;（2）发展基于代理的建模和支持方面的专业知识 当地SU/SUD/OD预测的方法（因果推理和空间分析）;以及（3）获得实践经验 研究成果的翻译和传播经验，为制定预防政策提供信息。一系列 精心设计了培训活动，包括流行病学，公共政策， 发展经济学和社会工作;个性化教学;指导培训;和研究 合作超过五年。这项培训还将通过进行至少三项研究来实现 研究的目的是：（1）阐明当地劳动力市场（重组）结构在SU/SUD中的作用 在青年/中年个体中，（2）开发基于代理的模型以使SU/SUD/OD 预测在俄亥俄州，直到2030年，并进行政策实验，以评估就业的预防效果 以及与物质供应相关的干预措施。为了实现这些目标，候选人将整合和分析 各种行政和调查数据（与当地劳动力市场环境、SU/SUD/OD和其他 环境特征）;测试特定行业的就业机会（及其变化）的影响， SU/SUD/OD的社会经济/身体/行为健康调解员;开发基于代理的建模， 基于当地劳动力市场前景的俄亥俄州稳健预测;并进行模拟实验，以评估 使用基于代理人的模型，研究与就业和物质供应有关的政策的预防性影响。由 奖励期结束时，候选人将被定位为美国少数几个调查员之一 具有必要的知识和技能，使用系统科学和模拟建模来告知物质使用 预防政策，特别是针对正在经历经济结构调整和/或收缩的社区。