Neural Correlates of Auditory, Visual, and Audiovisual Motion Perception in Macaque Extrastriate Cortex

猕猴纹状体外皮层听觉、视觉和视听运动知觉的神经相关性

• 批准号: 10751148
• 负责人: Adriana Schoenhaut
• 金额: $ 3.3万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-30 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10751148
• 关键词: Address; Algorithms; Anatomy; Anesthesia procedures; Animals; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Auditory; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Model; Behavioral Paradigm; Binding; Blindness; Brain; Clinical; Complex; Cues; Darkness; Diagnostic; Discrimination; Effectiveness; Environment; Event; Functional disorder; Future; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Link; Macaca; Maps; Medial; Modality; Modeling; Motion; Motion Perception; Perception; Performance; Psychophysics; Pulvinar structure; Recording of previous events; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Source; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Symptoms; Task Performances; Technology; Therapeutic; Training; Virtual and Augmented reality; Visual; Visual Motion; Visual Pathways; Work; area MST; autism spectrum disorder; behavioral response; experimental study; extrastriate visual cortex; goal oriented behavior; hearing impairment; human imaging; imaging study; improved; insight; loss of function; multisensory; neglect; neural; neural correlate; nonhuman primate; response; sample fixation; segregation; sensory cortex; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; sensory system; sound; success

PROJECT SUMMARY Our world is highly multisensory, and we acquire information about it via a number of distinct sensory systems. Typically, objects or events are specified by more than a single sense, and the integration of this multisensory information confers powerful and adaptive perceptual and behavioral advantages such as faster and more accurate responses. These advantages become pivotal when navigating complex environments where motion is ubiquitous, as is the case in the real world. However, multisensory processing also presents a computational challenge for the brain: to carry it out efficiently, the brain needs to not only decide which pieces of sensory information belong to the same event (and thus should be integrated or bound), but also which information needs to be segregated. Although great strides have been made in recent years to further our understanding of multisensory perception and its neural correlates, there are still significant gaps in our knowledge with regards to processing more ecologically-valid stimuli, such as those containing motion. One of these gaps revolves around how motion information is transformed in the presence of modulatory, cross-modal input as it makes its way through successive stages of the cortical processing hierarchy, and how these transformations map on to behavior/perception. The experiments outlined in the current proposal begin to address this issue using behavioral paradigms that we have developed in which macaques signal the direction of an auditory, visual, or audiovisual motion stimulus. During performance of the task, we will record neural activity in two cortical domains reflecting successive levels in the processing hierarchy: the medial temporal (MT) and medial superior temporal (MST) areas. The first aim will examine how modality and motion strength within audiovisual stimuli impact discrimination behavior and contribute towards causal inference. The second aim seeks to characterize responses to auditory, visual, and audiovisual motion information in these areas with the overarching hypothesis that as motion information ascends from MT to MST, there will be an increase in the role of modulatory auditory input, reflective of a gradual shift from encoding low-level stimulus features such as signal strength toward the encoding of features relevant to goal-oriented behavior such as stimulus direction and task demands. Collectively, the work will shed great light on the mechanistic underpinnings of multisensory perception in nodes critical to motion processing. Additionally, success in these experiments would challenge how we think about the modularity of the sensory cortical processing hierarchy. Such knowledge is of increasing importance given the growing recognition of altered multisensory function in those with neurodevelopmental conditions and/or sensory function loss, as well as the value of brain-informed algorithms for naturalistic virtual and augmented reality technology.

项目概要 我们的世界是高度多感官的，我们通过许多不同的感官获取有关它的信息 系统。通常，对象或事件由多个单一的意义来指定，并且这些意义的集成 多感官信息赋予强大且适应性强的感知和行为优势，例如更快 以及更准确的反应。在复杂的环境中，这些优势变得至关重要 运动无处不在，就像现实世界中的情况一样。然而，多感官处理也呈现出 大脑面临的计算挑战：为了有效地执行计算，大脑不仅需要决定哪些部分 的感官信息属于同一事件（因此应该被整合或绑定），但也 信息需要隔离。尽管近年来我们在进一步推进我们的 尽管我们对多感官知觉及其神经相关性的理解仍然存在很大差距 有关处理更生态上有效的刺激的知识，例如包含运动的刺激。之一 这些差距围绕着在存在调制、跨模式的情况下如何转换运动信息 输入通过皮层处理层次结构的连续阶段，以及这些输入如何 转变映射到行为/感知。当前提案中概述的实验开始 使用我们开发的行为范例来解决这个问题，其中猕猴发出方向信号 听觉、视觉或视听运动刺激。在执行任务期间，我们将记录神经 两个皮质域的活动反映了处理层次结构中的连续级别：内侧颞叶 （MT）和内侧上颞（MST）区域。第一个目标将检查模态和运动强度如何 视听刺激会影响辨别行为并有助于因果推理。第二个 目标旨在描述这些领域对听觉、视觉和视听运动信息的反应 总体假设是，随着运动信息从 MT 上升到 MST，运动信息将会增加 调节听觉输入的作用，反映了编码低级刺激特征的逐渐转变 例如信号强度对与目标导向行为相关的特征（例如刺激）的编码 方向和任务要求。总的来说，这项工作将极大地揭示 对运动处理至关重要的节点的多感官知觉。此外，这些实验的成功 将挑战我们如何看待感觉皮层处理层次结构的模块化。这样的 鉴于人们越来越多地认识到这些人的多感官功能改变，知识变得越来越重要。 患有神经发育状况和/或感觉功能丧失，以及大脑知情的价值 自然虚拟和增强现实技术的算法。