Investigating the role of substance use exposure and maternal psychological risk on child neural and behavioral assessments of executive functioning

调查物质使用暴露和母亲心理风险对儿童执行功能神经和行为评估的作用

• 批准号: 10748874
• 负责人: Kathryn M Wall
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10748874
• 关键词: 17 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Amygdaloid structure; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Back; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Child; Child Development; Child Rearing; Childhood; Clinical; Cognition; Cues; Data; Development; Exposure to; Family; Fetal Development; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Household; Impairment; Infant; Infant Development; Intervention; Longevity; Maternal Health; Measures; Mental Depression; Mothers; Neurocognitive; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Parents; Performance; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Psychopathology; Reaction Time; Relapse; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Sorting; Substance Use Disorder; Task Performances; Trauma; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Ventral Striatum; Woman; Work; aged; behavior measurement; cognitive development; comorbidity; early adolescence; executive function; fetal substance exposure; frontal lobe; illicit drug use; indexing; innovation; intervention program; neural; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; psychologic; psychological symptom; substance use; treatment program

Project Summary Alcohol and illicit drug use during the past month increased from 2019 to 2020 among pregnant women. Of women abstaining from substance use during pregnancy, up to 51% relapse by 3 months postpartum. Importantly, maternal substance use continues throughout childhood and adolescence, with 1 in 8 children under the age of 17 in the United States living with at least one parent with a substance use disorder. While previous work has evidenced prenatal substance exposure effects on child neurocognitive outcomes, prior assessments have overlooked the impact of being raised in households where substance use continues after delivery and throughout childhood. Further, this prior work has focused on prenatal substance use exposure in isolation without considering other psychological risk factors highly comorbid with substance use. Therefore, it is critical to identify the impact of substance use during pregnancy and beyond on child neurocognitive functioning, and determine whether substance use, or the myriad of psychological risk factors associated with substance use, shape child neurocognitive development. Here, I will analyze data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to assess the impact of prenatal and household substance exposure independently and in concert with maternal psychological risk on child executive functioning during early adolescence through measures of neural and behavioral correlates of executive functioning. Together, this work will provide further evidence of prenatal substance exposure effects on child neurocognitive development, highlighting the importance of continued household exposure to substance use and broader maternal psychological risk to child outcomes. Further, this approach will recognize the importance of psychological symptoms beyond substance use and provide an empirical foundation for future lifespan assessments of maternal psychopathology and its impact on other domains of children’s neurocognitive functioning. Finally, clinical implications include informing intervention and treatment programs for families affected by substance use by necessitating parenting-specific support across the lifespan and recognition of co-morbid psychological symptoms.

项目摘要 在过去的一个月里，从2019年到2020年，孕妇使用酒精和非法药物的人数有所增加。的 怀孕期间戒除药物使用的妇女，高达51%的妇女在产后3个月时复发。重要的是 在整个儿童期和青春期，母亲使用药物的现象持续存在，每8名儿童中就有1名年龄在6岁以下 17在美国，至少与患有药物使用障碍的父母之一生活在一起。虽然以前的工作已经 有证据表明，产前接触物质会对儿童的神经认知结果产生影响，先前的评估 忽视了在分娩后继续使用物质的家庭中被抚养的影响 贯穿整个童年。此外，这项先前的工作侧重于产前单独使用物质的暴露。 在不考虑其他心理风险因素的情况下，与物质使用高度共存。因此，它是至关重要的 确定怀孕期间及以后使用药物对儿童神经认知功能的影响，以及 确定物质使用，或与物质使用相关的无数心理风险因素， 塑造儿童神经认知发展。在这里，我将分析来自青少年大脑认知的数据 开发(ABCD)研究，以独立评估产前和家庭物质暴露的影响 并与母亲在青春期早期对儿童执行功能的心理风险相一致 对执行功能的神经和行为相关性的测量。共同努力，这项工作将进一步提供 产前接触物质对儿童神经认知发育影响的证据，突出了 家庭持续接触物质使用和更广泛的母亲对儿童心理风险的重要性 结果。此外，这种方法将认识到超越实质的心理症状的重要性。 使用并为母亲精神病理学及其未来寿命评估提供经验基础 对儿童神经认知功能的其他领域的影响。最后，临床意义包括告知 针对受药物使用影响的家庭的干预和治疗计划 对生命的支持和对共病心理症状的认识。