Measuring the impact of structural racism and discrimination during adolescence on substance use, psychological distress

衡量青春期结构性种族主义和歧视对药物使用和心理困扰的影响

• 批准号: 10757238
• 负责人: Nisha Gottfredson O'Shea
• 金额: $ 51.46万
• 依托单位: RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-15 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10757238
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; American; Black American; Black Populations; Black race; Buffers; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Communities; Community Surveys; County; Data; Data Sources; Development; Dimensions; Discrimination; Eligibility Determination; Exposure to; Future; Goals; Health; Housing; Intervention; Legal system; Maps; Measures; Mediation; Mental Health; Neighborhoods; North Carolina; Outcome; Participant; Penetration; Positioning Attribute; Property; Race; Racial Segregation; Records; Schools; Structural Racism; Students; Surveys; Suspensions; Taxes; combat; emerging adulthood; experience; high risk; innovation; neighborhood disadvantage; peer networks; psychological distress; racial bias; racial diversity; resilience; resilience factor; rural counties; rural setting; service organization; substance use; twelfth grade; virtual

Project Summary Our overarching goal is to study the unique and interactive effects of adolescent experiences with SRD on interactions with the criminal legal system, mental health substance use, and treatment-seeking in adulthood. We will also assess the buffering effects of hypothesized community resilience factors that may be leveraged to combat the effects of SRD. We will extend The Contexts Study, a large (n=6982), seven-wave panel study of public-school children in three racially diverse (37% Black; 50% White), predominantly rural counties in North Carolina. At wave one, collected in 2002, all 6th, 7th, and 8th graders attending a public school in the three counties were eligible; the final wave occurred when participants were in 10th-12th grade. Context includes extensive panel data on peer networks and comprehensive residential geocodes for participants. Today, participants are in their early 30s. We propose to collect one additional wave of survey data and augment existing data with administrative records. With data on adult outcomes, we will be uniquely positioned to understand and combat SRD and its negative effects on developmental trajectories from adolescence to adulthood. We will draw from a variety of data sources to construct innovative, multi-dimensional measures of SRD, capturing adolescent SRD exposure within schools, peer networks, and neighborhoods. To achieve this, measures will draw from adolescent peer network characteristics, students’ school records, public criminal records, the Census, county tax-value property assessments, Google Maps, the American Community Survey, and adolescent and adult surveys. Our specific aims are: Aim 1. Measure effects of SRD exposure on adolescent trajectories of mental health, substance use, and suspension or expulsion. SRD exposures include: racially segregated peer networks and neighborhoods, racially disproportionate disciplinary actions, neighborhood disadvantage, racially biased housing values and disproportionate penetration by predatory lenders. We hypothesize that cumulative and lagged SRD exposure during adolescence results in worse outcomes for Black but not White adolescents, and that Black individuals experiencing greater levels of SRD will have worse outcomes than Black individuals with fewer exposures. Aim 2. a) Measure the degree to which adolescent exposure to SRD explains mental health and treatment-seeking, substance use, and criminal legal system involvement in adulthood; b) Use mediation analysis to determine the extent to which SRD exposure during adulthood accounts for the effects of adolescent SRD on adult outcomes. We hypothesize that there will be unique effects of adolescent SRD exposure that are not fully explained by SRD exposure during emerging adulthood. Aim 3. Determine the extent to which the effects of adolescent SRD exposure on adult outcomes are moderated by community resilience factors (operationalized as residential stability, voluntary service organizations, mobilization, and collective efficacy). We hypothesize that effects of SRD exposure will be partially buffered by high community resilience during adolescence or adulthood.

项目摘要 我们的首要目标是研究青少年患SRD的独特和交互影响 与刑事法律制度的互动，精神健康物质的使用，以及成年后的寻求治疗。 我们还将评估可能被利用的假设的社区复原力因素的缓冲效果 以对抗SRD的影响。我们将扩展上下文研究，这是一项大型(n=6982)、七波小组研究 在三个不同种族的县(37%是黑人，50%是白人)，主要是农村地区的公立学校的孩子 北卡罗来纳州。在2002年收集的第一波，所有6，7，8年级的学生在一所公立学校上学 有三个县有资格；最后一波发生在参与者10-12年级的时候。语境 包括关于对等网络的大量小组数据和参与者的全面住宅地理编码。 如今，参与者都在30岁出头。我们建议额外收集一波调查数据，并 使用管理记录扩充现有数据。有了成人结果的数据，我们将处于独特的地位 了解和抗击SRD及其对青春期到 成人期。我们将从各种数据来源中提取信息，构建创新的、多维的 SRD，捕捉青少年在学校、同龄人网络和社区中的SRD暴露。为了实现这一目标， 措施将借鉴青少年同伴网络的特点，学生的学习成绩，公共犯罪 记录，人口普查，县税值财产评估，谷歌地图，美国社区调查， 以及青少年和成人调查。我们的具体目标是：目标1.测量SRD暴露对 青少年的心理健康、药物使用和停学或开除的轨迹。SRD暴露包括： 种族隔离的同伴网络和社区，种族不成比例的纪律处分， 社区劣势、有种族偏见的住房价值和掠夺者不成比例的渗透 出借人。我们假设，青春期累积和滞后的SRD暴露会导致更糟糕的结果 黑人青少年的结果，而不是白人青少年，以及黑人个体经历更高水平的SRD 将比接触较少的黑人个人的结果更差。目标2.a)衡量以下情况的程度 青少年接触SRD解释了心理健康和寻求治疗、药物使用和刑事法律 成年期的系统参与；b)使用中介分析来确定SRD的暴露程度 青春期SRD对成人结局的影响。我们假设会有 是青春期SRD暴露的独特影响，在新出现的过程中SRD暴露不能完全解释 成人期。目的3.确定青少年接触SRD对成人结局的影响程度 受到社区复原力因素的影响(作为居住稳定、志愿服务运行 组织、动员和集体效能)。我们假设接触SRD的影响将是 在青春期或成年期，社区的高度韧性在一定程度上缓冲了这种影响。