Reducing HIV vaccine and prevention hesitancy among sexual and gender minority adolescents

减少性少数和性别少数青少年对艾滋病毒疫苗和预防的犹豫

• 批准号: 10620502
• 负责人: Brandon J Hill
• 金额: $ 65.67万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-16 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10620502
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Bisexual; Black, Indigenous, People of Color; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccine; Chicago; Clinic; Clinical; Communities; Development; Education; Effectiveness; Ensure; Epidemic; Exposure to; Face; Feedback; Focus Groups; Fostering; Friends; Future; Gays; HIV; HIV vaccine; HIV/STD; Health; Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine; Hybrids; Industry; Infection; Injectable; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Learning; Media Campaign; Medical; Methods; Misinformation; Modeling; Motivation; Oral; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Persons; Predisposition; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Primary Prevention; Production; Proxy; Public Health; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Research; Safety; Sampling; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual and Gender Minority Youth; Source; Stream; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Trust; United States; Vaccines; Work; Youth; adolescent HIV prevention; age group; behavior change; boys; burden of illness; condoms; design; effectiveness testing; effectiveness/implementation design; girls; health communication; implementation intervention; improved; insight; minority children; novel; peer; phase I trial; post intervention; pre-exposure prophylaxis; preference; preventive intervention; randomized trial; recruit; social media; social norm; social stigma; success; therapy development; transgender; truvada; uptake; vaccine acceptance; vaccine distribution; vaccine efficacy; vaccine refusal

Project Summary Adolescents and young adults are disproportionately affected by HIV in the USA, accounting for 21% of new infections, with sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth carrying the greatest burden of disease. Recently, phase I trials of potential HIV vaccines have opened possibilities for more prevention options available to youth (in addition to oral and injectable PrEP). However, implementation of biomedical HIV prevention (e.g., PrEP) among youth is hindered by numerous barriers that will likely affect HIV vaccine uptake, including misinformation/lack of information, medical mistrust, and stigma. Youth-focused messaging on biomedical HIV prevention is nearly nonexistent, leaving SGM teens with incomplete knowledge and fostering misunderstanding and negative perceptions about biomedical HIV prevention methods. In addition, lessons learned from the rollout of the HPV and COVID-19 vaccines indicate that unclear public health messaging, dis- or misinformation from media/online sources, and vaccine stigma contributed to lack of trust, delayed uptake, or outright refusal of vaccines. As HIV vaccines are in development, and PrEP remains underutilized among SGM adolescents, now is the best time to understand and address biomedical HIV prevention concerns and misinformation among youth. Therefore, this study proposes to preemptively debunk (i.e., “prebunk”) misinformation about HIV vaccines, improve attitudes regarding multiple methods of biomedical HIV prevention, and improve awareness, intentions, and uptake among SGM youth. In Aim 1, using an online survey, we will gain comprehensive understanding of biomedical-HIV-prevention-related knowledge, social norms and attitudes, and behavioral intent among a diverse nationwide sample of 700 SGM youth age 13-21. In Aim 2, we will develop 8 brief youth-centered video vignettes aimed at prebunking vaccine misinformation and presenting one or more complementary biomedical prevention methods (vaccine, PrEP, condoms). These video messages will be delivered through narrative storytelling formats that are relevant, compelling, and persuasive for youth. We will obtain feedback about the video vignettes from SGM youth and adult stakeholders at multiple timepoints during video production and integrate this feedback into the final cuts. In Aim 3, we will test the effectiveness of our messages in a randomized controlled trial with 500 SGM youth, which will compare the video messages against an information-only control (e.g., publicly available information from CDC on HIV vaccines and other forms of biomedical prevention). Three-month post-test outcomes include vaccine acceptability and intentions, vaccine beliefs, and proxies for vaccine uptake (e.g., prevention information seeking, HIV/STI testing, PrEP initiation.) Within this aim, we will also explore barriers and facilitators to online- and in-person implementation via interviews with staff in community/clinical settings and experts in entertainment education and streaming media.

项目摘要 在美国，青少年和年轻人受到艾滋病毒的影响不成比例，占新感染者的21%。 感染率最高的是性少数和性别少数青年，他们的疾病负担最重。最近， 潜在的艾滋病毒疫苗的第一阶段试验为青年人提供更多的预防选择开辟了可能性 (in除了口服和注射PrEP）。然而，实施生物医学艾滋病毒预防（例如，PrEP） 许多可能影响艾滋病毒疫苗接种的障碍， 错误信息/缺乏信息，医疗不信任和耻辱。以青年为重点的关于生物医学艾滋病毒的宣传 预防几乎是不存在的，留下SGM青少年不完整的知识和培养 对生物医学艾滋病毒预防方法的误解和负面看法。此外，教训 从HPV和COVID-19疫苗的推出中了解到的情况表明，不明确的公共卫生信息， 或来自媒体/在线来源的错误信息，以及疫苗污名化导致缺乏信任，延迟接种， 或完全拒绝接种疫苗。由于艾滋病毒疫苗正在开发中，PrEP在人群中仍未得到充分利用 SGM青少年，现在是了解和解决生物医学艾滋病毒预防问题的最佳时机， 年轻人中的错误信息。因此，本研究建议先发制人地揭穿（即，"prebunk"） 关于艾滋病毒疫苗的错误信息，改善对多种生物医学艾滋病毒方法的态度 预防，并提高认识，意图，并在SGM青年的吸收。在目标1中，使用在线 通过调查，我们将全面了解生物医学-艾滋病预防相关知识、社会 规范和态度，以及行为意图之间的700 SGM青少年年龄13 - 21岁的全国性样本。 在目标2中，我们将制作8个简短的以青年为中心的视频短片，旨在预防疫苗错误信息 并介绍一种或多种补充性生物医学预防方法（疫苗、PrEP、避孕套）。这些 视频信息将通过相关的、引人注目的、 对年轻人有说服力。我们将从SGM青少年和成人那里获得有关视频小插曲的反馈 在视频制作过程中的多个时间点与利益相关者进行沟通，并将此反馈整合到最终剪辑中。在 目标3，我们将在500名SGM青年的随机对照试验中测试我们的信息的有效性， 其将视频消息与仅信息控制（例如，公开信息 从疾病预防控制中心的艾滋病毒疫苗和其他形式的生物医学预防）。测试后3个月的结果 包括疫苗的可接受性和意图、疫苗信念和疫苗摄取的代理（例如，预防 信息寻求、艾滋病毒/性传播感染检测、PrEP启动。在这一目标下，我们还将探讨障碍， 通过与社区/临床环境中的工作人员进行访谈，促进在线和亲自实施， 娱乐教育和流媒体方面的专家。