Stationary Digital Tomosynthesis for Transbronchial Biopsy Guidance

摘要 美国最近扩大了肺癌筛查项目，导致肺癌筛查项目大幅增加 需要采样以评估其恶性程度的肺部病变的数量。以支气管镜为基础 周围肺活检的程序并发症发生率最低。然而，诊断收益已经 这主要是因为缺乏高分辨率的实时成像指导。技术，如 由于支气管内超声和电磁导航支气管镜检查为临床提供了一定的指导。 干预者，但对于活检针尖和病变的必要精细定位仍然有限 在抽样之前。标准的基于CT的成像方法过于昂贵和繁琐，无法进行内部成像。 程序性使用。我们开发了一种固定的数字胸部断层合成成像方法，该方法基于 基于碳纳米管场发射源的线性X射线阵列。我们的方法提供了潜在的 快速、高分辨率的面内成像与低剂量立体成像相结合，完全不需要 X射线源或探测器的任何物理运动。我们试图改进我们固定的胸部断层合成 系统，评估快速CT到CT合成图像配准技术，并集成软件控制 和指导系统中的临床前大型动物评估系统。我们的学术和产业伙伴关系 将汇集一个由物理学家、计算机科学家、放射科医生和介入性肺科医生组成的团队 开发该系统。

ABSTRACT The recent expansion of lung cancer screening programs in the United States has led to a significant increase in the number of lung lesions requiring sampling to evaluate their malignancy status. Bronchoscopic based peripheral lung biopsy offers the lowest rate of procedural complication. However, diagnostic yields have remained moderate, primarily due to the lack of high resolution, real-time imaging guidance. Techniques such as endobronchial ultrasound and electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy offer some guidance for the interventionalist, but remain limited for the necessary fine localization of the biopsy needle tip and lesion just prior to sampling. Standard CT based imaging approaches are too expensive and cumbersome for intra- procedural use. We have developed a stationary digital chest tomosynthesis imaging approach based on the linear x-ray array based on the carbon nanotube field emission sources. Our approach offers the potential for rapid, high resolution in-plane imaging combined with low-dose stereoscopic imaging, all without the need for any physical motion of the x-ray source or detector. We seek to refine our stationary chest tomosynthesis system, evaluate rapid CT to tomosynthesis image registration techniques and integrate the software control and guidance system in a system for pre-clinical large animal evaluation. Our academic-industrial partnership will incorporate a team of physicists, computer scientists, radiologists and interventional pulmonologists to develop this system.