Stationary Digital Tomosynthesis for Transbronchial Biopsy Guidance

摘要 美国最近扩大了肺癌筛查项目， 需要取样以评估其恶性状态的肺部病变数量。基于支气管镜 外周肺活检提供了最低的手术并发症率。然而，诊断产量 主要是由于缺乏高分辨率的实时成像指导。等技术 因为支气管内超声和电磁导航支气管镜检查为 介入医生，但仍然有限的活检针尖和病变的必要的精细定位， 在取样之前。标准的基于CT的成像方法对于内部成像来说太昂贵和麻烦。 程序使用。我们已经开发了一种固定的数字胸部断层合成成像方法， 基于碳纳米管场发射源的线性x射线阵列。我们的方法提供了 快速、高分辨率平面内成像与低剂量立体成像相结合，所有这些都不需要 X射线源或检测器的任何物理运动。我们寻求改进我们的固定胸部断层合成 系统，评估快速CT断层合成图像配准技术和集成的软件控制 和引导系统。我们的学术-工业伙伴关系 将由物理学家、计算机科学家、放射科医生和介入肺病学家组成的团队， 开发这个系统。

ABSTRACT The recent expansion of lung cancer screening programs in the United States has led to a significant increase in the number of lung lesions requiring sampling to evaluate their malignancy status. Bronchoscopic based peripheral lung biopsy offers the lowest rate of procedural complication. However, diagnostic yields have remained moderate, primarily due to the lack of high resolution, real-time imaging guidance. Techniques such as endobronchial ultrasound and electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy offer some guidance for the interventionalist, but remain limited for the necessary fine localization of the biopsy needle tip and lesion just prior to sampling. Standard CT based imaging approaches are too expensive and cumbersome for intra- procedural use. We have developed a stationary digital chest tomosynthesis imaging approach based on the linear x-ray array based on the carbon nanotube field emission sources. Our approach offers the potential for rapid, high resolution in-plane imaging combined with low-dose stereoscopic imaging, all without the need for any physical motion of the x-ray source or detector. We seek to refine our stationary chest tomosynthesis system, evaluate rapid CT to tomosynthesis image registration techniques and integrate the software control and guidance system in a system for pre-clinical large animal evaluation. Our academic-industrial partnership will incorporate a team of physicists, computer scientists, radiologists and interventional pulmonologists to develop this system.