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GENETIC ATTRIBUTIONS AND RACIALIZED PERCEPTIONS OF OBESITY

遗传因素和肥胖的种族观念

基本信息

批准号：
10743452
负责人：
MATTHEW LEBOWITZ
金额：
$ 56.77万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-20 至 2027-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10743452
关键词：
Affect African American American Attitude Behavior Therapy Belief Biological Black American Black race Chronic Disease Clinical Clinical effectiveness Cross-Sectional Studies DNA Data Disease Disparity Economics Educational process of instructing Empathy Ensure Ethics Faith Focus Groups Future Genetic Genetic Predisposition to Disease Health Health Personnel Healthcare Impairment Individual Intervention Judgment Knowledge Lead Learning Mediating Mediation Mental disorders Methodology Minority Groups Obesity Outcome Participant Patient Agents Patient Care Patients Perception Persons Physician-Patient Relations Physicians Prevalence Primary Care Physician Provider Quality of life Race Reaction Reading Research Respondent Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Shapes Social Sciences Stigmatization Suggestion Surveys Testing Treatment outcome United States Woman adult obesity black patient black women caucasian American clinical care clinical decision-making environmental disparity ethnoracial disparity experience experimental study follow-up health disparity high risk improved member mortality obese patients obesity genetics obesity risk obesity treatment patient prognosis primary care provider prognostic racial bias racial disparity racial health disparity racial minority population racial population response social social health determinants trend

项目摘要

Project Summary. Obesity is widespread in the United States and is a risk factor for chronic illness, impaired quality of life, and mortality. Like many health outcomes in the US, its prevalence and treatment are characterized by stark racial disparities. Black patients experience obesity at significantly higher rates than White patients and are less likely to benefit from leading obesity treatments. While these disparities are most plausibly attributed to social, economic, and environmental inequalities, the misguided suggestion that they might instead reflect genetic differences between members of different racial groups has been made repeatedly. This has occurred in the context of trends in which the conceptualization of obesity as a biomedical disease with a genetic etiology has been increasingly ascendant in recent years. The proposed research will examine the extent to which primary care providers endorse genetic explanations for racial disparities in obesity and whether such beliefs might be related to a dearth of knowledge about genetics (Aim 1). It will also test whether primary care physicians are more likely to attribute obesity to genetic causes when it occurs in a Black (vs. White) patient, and whether such racially disparate endorsement of genetic attributions might lead to differences in attitudes toward patients and in clinical judgments regarding patient care (Aim 2). In addition, the research will examine how American adults with obesity react to genetic explanations for obesity in healthcare, and whether such reactions differ between Black and White individuals (Aim 3). This will be accomplished through an experiment testing how Black and White Americans with obesity respond to a description of a physician who does (vs. does not) endorse genetic explanations (Aim 3a), as well as through focus groups in which Black and White adults with obesity will discuss their views about the use of genetics in obesity-related healthcare (Aim 3b). This research will shed light on ethically significant questions related to how beliefs about the role of genetics in obesity may shape clinical care for obesity and physician-patient relationships in racially disparate ways, potentially contributing to racial health disparities. It will inform future efforts to determine how the genetics of obesity can be taught to clinicians and discussed with patients in culturally sensitive ways, to avoid fueling problematic attitudes and beliefs about racial disparities or harming the important relationship between patients and their healthcare providers.

项目总结。肥胖在美国很普遍，是慢性疾病的一个危险因素