A mixed-method study to investigate the impact of neighborhood-level structural racism on neurocognition and substance use in adolescence

一项混合方法研究，调查邻里结构性种族主义对青春期神经认知和物质使用的影响

• 批准号: 10740765
• 负责人: Marybel Robledo Gonzalez
• 金额: $ 41.36万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740765
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Black race; Brain; Cannabis; Censuses; Chronic; Cohort Effect; Communities; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Development; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Economic Conditions; Education; Environment; Environmental Health; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Food; Green space; Health Food; Housing; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Latina; Latino; Latinx; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Methods; Neighborhoods; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Nicotine; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Phase; Photography; Play; Policies; Policy Maker; Poverty; Prevalence; Prevention program; Process; Qualitative Methods; Race; Regression Analysis; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Societies; Structural Racism; System; Techniques; Testing; Toxin; United States; Youth; access disparities; adolescent substance use; cognitive development; cohort; community engaged research; comparative; distress tolerance; ethnic minority; experience; health care availability; high school; insight; intervention program; junior high school; longitudinal dataset; marginalization; marginalized community; marginalized population; marijuana use; member; minority children; minority communities; negative affect; neighborhood disadvantage; neurocognitive test; nicotine use; novel; racial discrimination; racial minority; reduced substance use; skills; social health determinants; socioeconomics; substance use; substance use prevention

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT. While cannabis, nicotine, and alcohol remain the most widely endorsed substances during adolescence, mechanistic pathways by which the social determinants of health influence substance use outcomes among youth are unclear. Structural racism and discrimination results in poorer quality environments in many neighborhoods within the United States, with a greater disproportionate impact for marginalized populations. Neighborhood-level structural racism (NSR) is the totality of ways by which structural racism disproportionately disadvantages neighborhoods in areas of socioeconomic conditions, environmental health, and educational opportunities. NSR features, such as neighborhood inequities in access to healthy food, green space, housing, and poverty rates, comprise important social determinants of health that negatively affect neurocognitive skills as well as increase the risk for more negative consequences of substance use. This project will use a concurrent mixed method approach to investigate the impact of neighborhood-level structural racism on youth substance use and determine the extent this relationship is mediated by neurocognitive markers of decision-making and distress tolerance. We will use both qualitative and quantitative methods throughout the project to study NSR influences on SU in middle school youth (ages 12-14 years) in the R61 phase and in high school youth (14-17 years) in the R33 phase. We will leverage the availability of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development ® (ABCD) Study dataset (N = 11,880) to concurrently conduct quantitative analyses to test the neurocognitive pathways on the influence of NSR. Community engagement research approaches will be implemented throughout both the R61 and R33 phase and include oversight from a Community Advisory Board and a Youth Advisory Board. During the R61 phase, interviews with middle school Latino/a/x and Black youth (N = 30) will obtain youth perceived neighborhood- level risk factors for substance use. The quantitative studies will then investigate whether NSR impact youth cannabis, nicotine, and alcohol through neurocognitive pathways of decision-making and distress tolerance. Qualitative and quantitative findings from the R61 phase will be triangulated to inform the precision of the NSR for high school youth during the R33 phase. In addition, the R33 phase will use photovoice with high school youth (N=30), a photographic technique to identify and represent neighborhood features youth perceive contribute to engagement with substance use. Cohort effects will be tested by comparing findings from the high school cohort (R61) with the middle school cohort (R61). Findings from the project will be disseminated to community stakeholders and policy makers. In addition, findings may inform community-level interventions on the neighborhood features that pose risk to adverse substance use trajectories, as well as at the individual- level for neurocognitive interventions for substance use prevention.

项目总结/摘要。虽然大麻，尼古丁和酒精仍然是最广泛认可的 物质在青春期，健康的社会决定因素影响的机械途径 青年人使用药物的结果尚不清楚。结构性种族主义和歧视导致贫穷 在美国许多社区的优质环境，具有更大的不成比例的影响 为边缘化人群。邻里层面的结构性种族主义（NSR）是一种方式的总和， 结构性种族主义在社会经济条件方面不成比例地使社区处于不利地位， 环境健康和教育机会。NSR特征，例如邻近地区的交通不平等 健康食品、绿色空间、住房和贫困率，构成了健康的重要社会决定因素， 负面影响神经认知技能，并增加更多负面后果的风险。 物质使用。本项目将使用并行混合方法来调查 社区一级的结构性种族主义对青年物质使用，并确定这种关系的程度是 由决策和痛苦耐受的神经认知标志物介导。我们将使用两种定性 本研究采用定量和定性相结合的研究方法，研究了NSR对中学生（年龄）SU的影响 在R61阶段中，12-14岁）和在R33阶段中，高中青年（14-17岁）。我们将利用 青少年大脑认知发展®（ABCD）研究数据集（N = 11，880）的可用性， 同时进行定量分析，以测试神经认知通路对NSR的影响。 社区参与研究方法将在整个R61和R33阶段实施 并包括社区咨询委员会和青年咨询委员会的监督。在R61阶段， 与中学拉丁裔/a/x和黑人青年（N = 30）的访谈将获得青年感知的邻里关系- 物质使用水平的风险因素。定量研究将调查NSR是否影响青少年 大麻，尼古丁和酒精通过神经认知途径的决策和痛苦的宽容。 将对R61阶段的定性和定量结果进行三角测量，以告知NSR的精确性 在R33阶段的高中青年。此外，R33阶段将使用photovoice与高中 青年（N=30），一种识别和表现青年感知的邻里特征的摄影技术 有助于参与物质使用。队列效应将通过比较来自高水平研究的结果进行检验。 学校队列（R61）与中学队列（R61）。该项目的调查结果将分发给 社区利益攸关方和决策者。此外，调查结果可为社区一级的干预措施提供信息， 对不良物质使用轨迹构成风险的邻域特征，以及在个人- 预防物质使用的神经认知干预水平。