Prevalence and developmental trajectories of solitary alcohol use in US young adults

项目总结/摘要 酒精问题在年轻人中很普遍，十分之一的年轻人会 酒精使用障碍（AUD）。因此，必须确定和应对风险， 在这个发育时期滥用酒精的因素。一个被低估的风险因素 导致问题饮酒的原因是年轻人消费的社会背景 酒精最近的研究表明，独自饮酒的年轻人 使用（与他们的社交饮酒同龄人相比）酒精问题的风险增加， 一系列负面的社会心理结果（例如，增加负面影响，侵略性）。 重要的是，几项前瞻性研究表明，单独饮酒是一种 独立和稳健的澳元早期风险标志物。尽管存在已知风险，但关键信息 年轻人独自饮酒的情况仍然未知。需要大量的国家样本， 提供年轻成年人单独饮酒的流行率和历史变化估计数， 以及青年时期单独饮酒的发展变化信息 以及与单独饮酒相关的风险/保护因素。拟议的研究将是 第一个使用从《世界卫生组织关于单独饮酒的报告》中收集的自我报告数据提供此类信息的国家， 1976年至2023年在18-30岁人群中进行的国家监测未来研究。我们的目标是（1） 按年龄和性别估计年轻成年人单独饮酒的流行率，并建立整体模型 1976年至2023年的性别特异性历史趋势，（2） 在年轻的成年期单独饮酒，研究与这种模式的性别联系， 确定某些轨迹是否差异预测35岁AUD症状后， 控制协变量，（3）识别与年轻成人相关的风险和保护因素 单独饮酒，并确定风险/保护因素与 孤独的酒精使用在年轻的成年人中发生变化，包括在多大程度上 应对动机和单独饮酒随年龄而变化。这项研究的结果将告知 了解年轻成人单独饮酒和相关的风险/保护因素， 谈论提供旨在减少单独饮酒的干预措施的最佳时机 最后是澳元。

Project Summary/Abstract Alcohol problems are prevalent in young adulthood, with one in ten young adults meeting criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD). It is therefore essential to identify and respond to risk factors for alcohol misuse during this developmental period. One underappreciated risk factor for the development of problematic drinking is the social context in which young adults consume alcohol. Recent reviews have demonstrated that young people who engage in solitary alcohol use (compared to their social-only drinking peers) are at increased risk for alcohol problems and a host of negative psychosocial outcomes (e.g., increased negative affect, aggression). Importantly, several prospective studies have demonstrated that solitary alcohol use is an independent and robust early risk marker for AUD. Despite the known risks, critical information about young adult solitary alcohol use remains unknown. Large national samples are needed to provide estimates of prevalence and historical change in young adult solitary alcohol use, as well as information on developmental changes in solitary alcohol use across young adulthood and risk/protective factors associated with solitary alcohol use. The proposed study will be the first to provide such information using self-report data on solitary alcohol use collected from the national Monitoring the Future study from 1976 to 2023 in those aged 18-30. We aim to (1) estimate the prevalence of young adult solitary alcohol use by age and sex, and model overall and sex-specific historical trends from 1976-2023, (2) model developmental trajectories of solitary alcohol use across young adulthood, examine sex associations with such patterns, and determine whether certain trajectories differentially predict age 35 AUD symptoms after controlling for covariates, and (3) identify risk and protective factors associated with young adult solitary alcohol use, and determine whether associations between risk/protective factors and solitary alcohol use change across young adulthood, including the extent to which trajectories of coping motives and solitary alcohol use co-vary by age. Findings from this study will inform knowledge about young adult solitary alcohol use and associated risk/protective factors and speak to the optimal timing for delivering interventions aimed at reducing solitary alcohol use and, ultimately, AUD.