Urban planning, siting of air pollution sources, and asthma disparities

项目总结 种族和少数民族社区室外空气质量较差，面临更大的肺部负担 疾病，尤其是由哮喘引起的。少数族裔社区靠近固定和流动的空气 污染源与这些人群中哮喘发病率不成比例的负担相结合 支持最重要的假设，即哮喘的种族和民族差异是由城市引起的 规划导致暴露在更有毒的空气污染源(AP)中的政策。我们建议 以下是检验这一假设的具体目的：1)确定AP来源的特征，估计AP浓度，以及 研究他们与德克萨斯州社区社会人口特征的关系。2) 确定导致种族和民族儿童哮喘差异的AP来源。3)探索 分区和中产阶级化对特拉维斯县社区AP来源分布的影响。 支持这一假说的证据将通过以下方式构成重大进步：(1)确定AP来源 直接导致儿童肺部健康差异以及(2)将城市规划决策与不平等联系起来 AP信号源的位置。拟议的工作将填补开发新技术所需的关键证据空白。 AP监管和城市规划的方法，这将有力地减少有意义的 肺部健康状况存在差异。

PROJECT SUMMARY Racial and ethnic minority communities experience poorer outdoor air quality and face greater burdens of lung disease, particularly from asthma. The close proximity of minority neighborhoods to both fixed and mobile air pollution sources combined with the disproportionate burden of asthma morbidity among these populations supports the overarching hypothesis that racial and ethnic disparities in asthma are caused by urban planning policies that result in exposure to more toxic sources of air pollution (AP). We propose the following Specific Aims to test this hypothesis: 1) To characterize AP sources, estimate AP concentrations, and examine their associations with neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics across the State of Texas. 2) To identify the AP sources that contribute to racial and ethnic childhood asthma disparities. 3) To explore the effects of zoning and gentrification on the distribution of AP sources across neighborhoods in Travis County. Evidence supporting this hypothesis would constitute a major advance by (1) identifying AP sources that contribute directly to childhood lung health disparities and (2) linking urban planning decisions to inequities in the location of AP sources. The proposed work would fill a critical evidence gap needed to develop new approaches to AP regulation and urban planning, which would be strongly positioned to meaningfully reduce lung health health disparities.