MOLECULAR EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF HAWAIIAN DROSOPHILA CHORION

近年来，人们已经确定， 监管在发展中发挥着重要作用， 真核系统的生理调节。 事实上， 存在控制物种间表型变异的基因型变异 主要是在转录水平而不是在结构水平。 我们将研究转录调控的模式和频率 进化使用作为一个模式系统丰富的水库蛋壳 在进化过程中短时间内建立的表型变异 夏威夷果蝇 具体来说，我们将衡量自然的程度， 转录变异的表征的手段， 转录调控的各种晚期小绒毛膜基因在几个 表现出分歧绒毛膜表面表型的物种。 然后我们将 鉴定转录变异基因，其发育表达 可以在D.黑腹背景。 这将导致 未来的实验将确定顺式作用的调控元件， 以及它们的功能和进化模式。 根本途径 是利用结核病基因的自然转录变体来帮助选择， 通过序列分析，候选调控DNA元件。 体内测定 这些候选物的诱变版本将识别出 负责 观察到的自然变化以及它们在随后的 实验 此外，晚期小绒毛膜的整体原位杂交 发育中卵泡的cDNA将扩大我们对卵泡数量的了解， 他们的使者，他们的使者，他们的使者。 自然转录变体的意义。

In recent years, it has been firmly established that transcriptional regulation plays a fundamental role in the developmental and physiological regulation of eucaryotic systems. In fact, it may be that genotypic variation governing phenotypic variation between species exists mostly at the transcriptional rather than at the structural level. We will study the mode and the frequency of transcriptional regulation evolution using as a model system the rich reservoir of eggshell phenotypic variants established in short time periods in the evolution of Hawaiian Drosophila. Specifically, we will gauge the extent of natural transcriptional variation by means of the characterization of the transcriptional regulation of various late minor chorion genes in several species exhibiting diverging chorion surface phenotypes. We will then identify a transcription variating gene whose developmental expression can be reproduced in a D. melanogaster background. This will lead to future experiments that will identify cis-acting regulatory elements as well as their mode of function and evolution. The fundamental approach is to use the natural transcription variants of the gene tb help select, by sequence analysis, candidate regulatory DNA elements. In vivo assays of mutagenized versions of these candidates will identify the elements responsible for the observed natural variation as well as their function in subsequent experiments. In addition, whole mount in situ hybridization of late minor chorion cDNAs to developing follicles will expand our knowledge on the number and distribution of their messengers, and will suggest functional significances for the natural transcription variants.