MICROCOMPUTER ASSESSMENT OF ALCOHOL USE

酒精使用的微电脑评估

• 批准号: 3111819
• 负责人: RONALD Dale HAYS
• 金额: $ 31.72万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3111819
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse information system; cognition; data collection methodology /evaluation; diagnostic tests; driving while intoxicated; ethnic group; interview; performance; socioenvironment

Self-reports of alcohol use have widespread application because of other satisfactory and practical measures are generally unavailable. Research indicates that validity is influenced by a number of factors. For example, socially desirable response pressures may cause respondent to underreport their actual level of alcohol use. The quantitativeness of alcohol use response options may affect validity, but the available research is inconclusive. Studies in other topic areas suggest that respondents may be more likely to endorse the first response option presented them, but whether this effect generalizes to self-reported alcohol use is unknown. It has been suggested that response bias can be minimized by facilitating the retrieval process, but the precise details and best methods of facilitation have not been established. We propose to develop an interactive, computerized assessment method for investigating self-reported alcohol use and employ this method to study and improve the validity of self-reports. The program will be administered by microcomputer to 1240 respondents in driving under the influence treatment programs to study factors affecting self-reported alcohol use. A pretest- posttest design will be used to manipulate four factors: (1) order of frequency of alcohol use items relative to alcohol diagnostic items; (2) quantitativeness of response options (low,k Medium, High) for frequency of alcohol use items; (3) order of presentation of close-ended response options, and (4) feedback given to respondents. The feedback intervention has four different levels. In all levels, respondents will respond at Time 1 and be given a second opportunity to provide answers to the alcohol use items at Time 2. Under the second and third levels, respondents will be shown their original responses before responding to Time 2. Under the fourth level, respondents will receive information about the inconsistencies of their answers from Time 1 before responding at Time 2. We will compare self-reports with collateral reports. Analyses of these data will contribute to an understanding of the effect on self-reported alcohol use of (1) manipulating whether or not specific questions about alcohol use precede diagnostic items, (2) varying the quantitativeness of response options, (3) varying the order of presenting response options, (4) showing respondents their original answers and giving them a second opportunity to respond, and (5) providing feedback about inconsistencies and giving respondents an opportunity to resolve them.

酒精使用自我报告由于其他原因而得到广泛应用 普遍缺乏令人满意且切实可行的措施。 研究 表明有效性受到多种因素的影响。 例如， 社会期望的回应压力可能会导致受访者少报 他们的实际饮酒水平。 饮酒的数量 回答选项可能会影响有效性，但现有的研究是 尚无定论。 其他主题领域的研究表明，受访者可能 更有可能赞同他们提出的第一个回答选项，但是 这种效应是否适用于自我报告的饮酒情况尚不清楚。 有人建议，可以通过促进 检索过程，但精确的细节和最佳方法 尚未建立便利化措施。 我们建议开发一种交互式、计算机化的评估方法 调查自我报告的饮酒情况并采用这种方法来研究和 提高自我报告的有效性。 该计划将由 微电脑对1240名受访者进行酒后驾驶治疗 研究影响自我报告的饮酒因素的计划。 预测试—— 后测设计将用于操纵四个因素：（1）顺序 与酒精诊断项目相关的酒精使用项目的频率； (2) 频率响应选项的定量性（低、k 中、高） 酒精使用物品； (3) 封闭式答复的提出顺序 选项，以及 (4) 向受访者提供的反馈。 反馈干预 有四个不同的级别。 在所有级别中，受访者将在 时间做出回应 1 并获得第二次机会提供酒精使用问题的答案 时间 2 的项目。在第二级和第三级下，受访者将 在回复时间 2 之前显示了他们的原始回复。 第四级，受访者将收到有关 他们在时间 1 的回答与时间 2 的回答不一致。 我们会将自我报告与附属报告进行比较。 对这些数据的分析将有助于了解其影响 自我报告的饮酒情况 (1) 操纵是否具体 在诊断项目之前询问有关饮酒的问题，（2）改变 响应选项的数量，(3) 改变呈现的顺序 回答选项，（4）向受访者展示他们的原始答案并给出 他们有第二次回应的机会，并且 (5) 提供关于 不一致之处，并为受访者提供解决问题的机会。