MATERNAL EFFECTS ON ANXIETY IN PEDIATRIC DENTAL PATIENTS

这项拟议中的研究验证了这样一个假设，即母亲的焦虑是 在紧张的牙科手术之前和期间传播给儿童。 具体而言，该研究旨在澄清 母亲的焦虑和孩子在他们的孩子的牙科治疗。 这两个领域的先前文献还不允许确定 结论. 一个新的实验范式被用来测试预测 源自当代社会学习理论和研究， 情绪发展，包括预测低恐惧的母亲 减轻孩子的痛苦。 此外，通过确定具体的 与母亲焦虑增加相关的母亲行为， 拟议的研究旨在阐明 母亲的焦虑和孩子的痛苦 60名3-4岁的儿童牙科患者及其母亲将服务 作为实验对象 母亲特质、牙科和状态焦虑将通过以下方式进行评估： 问卷 母婴互动将通过以下方式进行评估： 问卷调查和录像观察的母亲和孩子在 治疗前15分钟的等待期。 一半的母亲 随机分配到现场并进行检查。 孩子的行为会 在治疗过程中进行录像，以便以后使用标准编码 一种观察性的遇险测量方法 心理生理学（心率， 呼吸率和迷走神经张力）测量儿童的痛苦意愿 也可以在治疗前和治疗期间获得。 儿童倾向于 恐惧将被评估，母亲和临床医生的行为， 将对治疗进行监测，以提供更多信息 母亲焦虑在儿童抑郁中的作用 在牙科治疗期间，并解决持续存在的 治疗期间父母在场对儿童痛苦的影响。

The proposed research tests the hypothesis that maternal anxiety is transmitted to children prior to and during stressful dental procedures. Specifically, the research seeks to clarify the conditions under which maternal anxiety and child during their children's dental treatment. Previous literature in both of these areas does not yet permit firm conclusions. A new experimental paradigm is used to test predictions derived from contemporary theory and research on social learning and emotional development, including the prediction that low fear mothers reduce their children's distress. In addition, by identifying specific maternal behaviors that are associated with increased maternal anxiety, the proposed research seeks to elucidate the mechanism of covariation between maternal anxiety and child distress. Sixty 3-4 year old pediatric dental patients and their mothers will serve as subjects. Maternal trait, dental, and state anxiety will be assessed by questionnaire. The mother-child interaction will be assessed by questionnaire and by videotaped observation of the mother and child during a 15-minute waiting period prior to treatment. Half of the mothers will be randomly assigned to be present and examination. The child's behavior will be videotaped during treatment for later coding using a standard observational measure of distress. Psychophysiological (heart rate, respiration rate, and vagal tone) measures of the child's distress will also be obtained prior to and during treatment. Children's tendency toward fearfulness will be assessed, and mothers' and clinicians' behavior during treatment will be monitored, in order to provide additional information about the factors that the role of maternal anxiety in children's distress during dental treatment and to address the continuing question of the effects on children's distress of parental presence during treatment.