Translation and Dissemination of Simulator for Novice Drivers

描述（由申请人提供）：交通事故是青少年受伤和死亡的主要原因。本提案描述了一个翻译和传播基于计算机的教学系统的项目，该系统是为驾驶员教育开发的，已被证明可以降低青少年的事故率。基于计算机的教学系统包括：1)传统驾驶教材；2)对学生冒险倾向进行分类的评估工具；3)形成和塑造学生驾驶安全态度的要素；4)桌面驾驶模拟，教授关键的感知、精神运动和认知驾驶技能。在美国疾病控制与预防中心赞助的一个项目中，驾驶模拟组件已经被证明可以提高驾驶技能，减少事故。冒险因素是一种驾驶员行为评估工具（DBAT），该工具已经在年轻的新兵身上得到了经验验证，可以预测个人参与汽车碰撞的倾向，并用于通过各种多媒体演示产生定制的训练干预。该计算机驱动教育教学系统的实现包括一个软件平台，该软件平台旨在简化多媒体教材和DBAT的呈现，并将其与计算机仿真相结合。该软件平台可以启动各种多媒体材料（如powerpoint、视频），也可以启动基于特定情境的驾驶模拟，以解决特定的教学问题（如速度控制、交通、危险、态势感知等）。该平台还将提供知识测试，并提供补习指导，直到学生达到可接受的毕业分数。驾驶模拟场景包括一系列典型元素（道路几何形状、路边元素、交通控制设备、交通和行人），以及在时间和空间上受到控制的危险，这些危险需要驾驶员可接受的响应时间才能成功完成。第一阶段SBIR项目的目标是将包括DBAT在内的计算机教学系统和现场测试整合到当前的高中驾驶教育项目中。该方案已采用计算机仿真，讲师已成功应用，深受学生欢迎。驾驶技术和驾驶态度将在计算机驾驶教育教学课程的开始和结束时进行评估。公共卫生相关性：青少年司机的事故率明显高于成年司机。本项目拟将传统驾驶教育材料与桌面模拟驾驶、态度形成和塑造方法相结合，培养具有符合安全驾驶行为的高质量驾驶技能和态度的青少年驾驶员。如果有效，这种方法可以减少青少年驾驶事故，并产生一种低成本的基于计算机的驾驶员教育系统，能够在最少的监督下培训青少年驾驶员。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Traffic accidents are the leading cause of teenage injury and death. This proposal describes a project to translate and disseminate a computer based instructional system developed for driver education that has been shown to reduce the teenage accident rate. The computer based instructional system includes: 1) traditional driver education material; 2) an assessment tool for categorizing a student's risk taking tendencies; 3) components to form and shape the student's attitude about driving safety; 4) a desk top driving simulation to teach critical perceptual, psychomotor and cognitive driving skills. The driving simulation component has already been shown to improve driving skills and reduce accidents in a project sponsored by the CDC. The risk taking element is a Driver Behavior Assessment Tool (DBAT) that has been empirically validated with young military recruits to be predictive of an individual's propensity to be involved in an automobile crash and is used to pro- duce customized training intervention with various multimedia presentations. The implementation of this computer based driver education instructional system includes a software platform designed to simplify the presentation of multimedia course materials and the DBAT and integrate them with the computer simulation. The software platform can launch various multimedia materials (e.g. Power Point, video) and also launch the driving simulation with specific contextually based scenarios that will address particular instructional issues (e.g. speed control, traffic, hazards, situation awareness, etc.). The platform will also present knowledge quizzes, and provide remedial instruction until the student achieves an acceptable score for graduation. The driving simulation scenarios include a range of typical elements (roadway geometry, roadside elements, traffic control devices, traffic and pedestrians), and hazards that are controlled in time and space to require acceptable driver response times for successful completion. The objective of this Phase I SBIR project is to integrate the computer based instructional system including the DBAT and field test it in current high school driver education program. The computer simulation has been used in this program previously, and the instructor has had success in its application with good acceptance by the students. Driving skills and attitudes will be assessed at the beginning and end of the computer based driver education instructional course. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Teen driver accident rates are significantly higher that those of mature drivers. This project proposes to integrate traditional driver education material with a desktop driving simulation and attitude forming and shaping methods intended to produce teen drivers with high-quality skills and attitudes consistent with safe driving behavior. If effective, this approach could reduce teen driver accidents, and produce a low cost computer based driver education system capable of training teen drivers with minimal supervision.