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Chemical Anatomy and Synaptology of Vestibulo-Sympathetic Pathways

前庭交感神经通路的化学解剖学和突触学

基本信息

批准号：
7859442
负责人：
Gay R Holstein
金额：
$ 27.95万
依托单位：
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-07-17 至 2012-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7859442
关键词：
Address Admission activity Adrenergic Receptor Adult Adverse effects Affinity Age Am 80 American Amino Acid Neurotransmitters Anatomy Antihypertensive Agents Architecture Autonomic nervous system disorders Baroreflex Binding Biological Models Blood Pressure Brain Brain Stem Cardiovascular system Cell physiology Cells Cessation of life Chemicals Citrulline Clinical Research Clonidine Complex Dendrites Development Direct Costs Disease Distal Dizziness Dopamine Drug Delivery Systems Elderly Epinephrine Fall prevention Financial cost Force of Gravity Functional disorder Glutamates Goals Homeostasis Hospitals Human Imidazole Immunofluorescence Immunologic Inferior Injection of therapeutic agent Injury Interneurons Joints Label Lead Ligands Link Literature Location Mediating Methods Mixed Function Oxygenases Motor Movement Neural Pathways Neurons Neurotransmitters Nitric Oxide Norepinephrine Nuclear Nucleus solitarius Organ Orthostatic Hypotension Output Pathway interactions Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin Phenotype Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase Population Posture Pressoreceptors Presynaptic Terminals Process Rattus Rattus norvegicus Reflex action Regulation Relative (related person)Reporting Research Signal Transduction Site Societies Source Spinal Cord Sympathetic Nervous System Synapses System Testing Thoracic spinal cord structure Tissues Tracer Trauma Vertigo Vestibular nucleus structure base blood pressure regulation evidence base falls gamma-Aminobutyric Acid imidazoleacetic acid ribotide immunoreactivity interest medial vestibular nucleus moxonidine neurochemistry neuronal cell body noradrenergic receptor research study rilmenidine young adult

项目摘要

It is currently understood that arterial baroreceptors control sympathetic nervous system tone, while vestibular end organs provide afferent input to a vestibulo-sympathetic reflex that normally augments the compensatory baroreflex. However, the chemical anatomy, connectivity and synaptology of the neural pathways underlying this integration remain largely unknown. The overall goal of the proposed project is to identify the neurotransmitters and modulators involved in mediating vestibulo-autonomic synaptic interactions. The four aims address the chemoanatomy and synaptology of these vestibular projections in adult rats and evaluate the overall hypothesis that different transmitter/modulator signatures and distinct synaptic architectural arrangements are utilized by vestibular projections to the caudal and rostral ventrolateral medulla (CVLM and RVLM, respectively). Aim 1 is to identify the locations of vestibulo-medullary and medullo- sympathetic projection neurons, determine the relative proportions of vestibular projections to CVLM and RVLM, identify the primary amino acid neurotransmitter(s) utilized by these pathways and determine whether these projections terminate on glutamatergic and/or GABAergic neurons in CVLM and RVLM. Aim 2 is to determine whether vestibular terminals in CVLM and RVLM co-express IAA-RP and/or L-citrulline. Aim 3 is to conduct a qualitative analysis of the main neurotransmitters and modulators of vestibulo-recipient cells in RVLM and CVLM, to test the hypothesis that glutamatergic vestibular afferents terminate on interneurons and on distal dendrites of GABAergic/IAA-RP-containing CVLM neurons, GABAergic and noradrenergic dendrites in RVLM, and directly on the somata of glutamatergic/IAA-RP-containing RVLM neurons with direct projections to the spinal cord. Aim 4 is to visualize and quantify parameters of vestibulo-sympathetic synaptology, and will test the hypothesis that the synaptology of vestibular terminals in RVLM involves complex interactions among multiple transmitter systems, whereas the synaptology of vestibulo-sympathetic terminals in CVLM reflects direct axo-dendritic contacts with CVLM output neurons. Throughout the project, the vestibulo-sympathetic pathways will be identified using anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing in tissue that will be further processed using additional immunofluorescent tags to identify transmitters and modulators of interest. Ultrastructural studies will employ immunogold labels to identify and quantify terminals and synaptic contacts. These studies will characterize the neurotransmitters, modulators and synaptic articulations utilized by vestibular projections to sympathetic pre-motor medullary neuron pools and will yield qualitative analyses and quantitative estimates of parameters of their synaptic architecture. This information does not currently exist in the literature, and is important for the development of evidence-based pharmacotherapeutics for the treatment of vestibulo-autonomic disorders such as orthostatic hypotension, as well as the development of more specific anti-hypertensive medications that do not elicit disabling vestibular side-effects such as dizziness and vertigo. Project Narrative - Holstein Orthostatic hypotension and vestibular side effects of drugs targeting the sympathetic nervous system (e.g. anti-hypertensive medications) impact large populations, especially the elderly. However, little is known about the neurochemical organization of vestibulo-sympathetic pathways. This project will provide fundamental information about the chemoanatomic and synaptic organization of vestibular projections to cardiovascular neurons in the ventrolateral medulla, may suggest new drug therapies to ameliorate orthostatic hypotension and intolerance, and may lead to the development of more specific anti-hypertensive medications that do not elicit disabling vestibular side effects such as dizziness and vertigo.

目前的理解是，动脉压力感受器控制交感神经系统的张力，而