Mechanisms of West Nile virus selection and strain displacement

西尼罗河病毒选择和毒株置换的机制

• 批准号: 7827674
• 负责人: Laura D Kramer
• 金额: $ 39.74万
• 依托单位: WADSWORTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-05 至 2011-06-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7827674
• 关键词: Address; Africa; American; Americas; Animals; Arboviruses; Arthropods; Australia; Binding; Biological; Biological Models; Birds; Calculi; Categories; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Colombia; Colorado; Commerce; Communicable Diseases; Competence; Culex (Genus); Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Disease; Egypt; Emerging Communicable Diseases; Encephalitis; Environment; Epidemiology; Epithelial Cells; Equus caballus; Europe; Event; Evolution; Extinction (Psychology); Flavivirus; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genome; Genotype; Grant; Human; India; Infection; Infectious Diseases Research; Internet; Israel; Italy; Journals; Knowledge; Lead; Madagascar; Medical; Mexico; Middle East; Midgut; Movement; Names; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; New York; New York City; North America; Pathology; Periodicals; Phylogenetic Analysis; Population; Process; Public Health; RNA Viruses; Relative (related person); Replication-Associated Process; Research; Romania; Russia; Shapes; System; Techniques; Testing; Texas; Time; Trees; United States; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Universities; Vaccines; Variant; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Viral; Viral Encephalitis; Virus; Virus Diseases; West Nile viral; West Nile virus; abstracting; biodefense; enzootic; feeding; fitness; genome sequencing; invertebrate host; mortality; pathogen; research study; transmission process; vaccine development; vector; vector mosquito; virology

Grant Number 3R56AI069217-01A2W1 Kramer, Laura ARRA Funding Consideration Abstract Research is proposed to address PA-04-119 Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research Opportunities. WNV is a NIAID Category B priority pathogen. The introduction of a single WNV strain at a relatively well characterized time and place in North America has provided a unique opportunity to prospectively study the evolution of an arthropod-transmitted RNA virus as it adapts to a na�ve ecological niche. While WNV in the Americas remains a relatively homogeneous virus population, a single genotype that differs from the introduced genotype has become dominant throughout North America, and since 2002 has displaced previously existing genotypes in the United States. Our studies suggest that the dominance of this new genotype is most likely facilitated by interactions between the virus and the mosquito host, but possibly also by interactions with natural avian hosts. The range of biological mechanisms that may lead to the displacement of one arboviral genotype with another, however, has not been systematically examined. Accordingly, we will test the hypothesis that dominance of one WNV genotype may result from selective advantages of this genotype in the mosquito. We propose experiments that will determine whether these phenotypic differences are associated with differences at the cellular level in viral replication events. We will determine the point(s) in the WNV replication cycle in critical mosquito vectors that are likely to have been responsible for the observed extinction of one viral genotype as it has been displaced with another in the U.S. Interactions of an arbovirus with both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts impact the intensity of virus transmission and thereby alter the rate of enzootic amplification, genetic stability of the virus, and subsequent viral fitness. Results from these studies will have direct implications on public health by increasing our understanding of the selective processes that shape invasive vector-borne virus populations using WNV as a model system for a vector-borne disease agent introduced into a naive environment. Such knowledge gains added importance in these times of rapid movement of people and commerce and concomitant movement of pathogens. A better understanding of the mechanisms of viral adaptation to naive environments and selection of genotypes in the host, will allow us to anticipate biological events and control introduced agents better.

资助号：3R56AI069217-01A2W1

项目成果

Complexity of virus-vector interactions.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.08.008
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Kramer, Laura D.

Frontiers in climate change-disease research.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.002
• 发表时间: 2011-06
• 期刊: Trends in ecology & evolution
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Rohr JR;Dobson AP;Johnson PT;Kilpatrick AM;Paull SH;Raffel TR;Ruiz-Moreno D;Thomas MB
• 通讯作者: Thomas MB