Mechanisms of West Nile virus selection and strain displacement

西尼罗河病毒选择和毒株置换的机制

• 批准号: 7827674
• 负责人: Laura D Kramer
• 金额: $ 39.74万
• 依托单位: WADSWORTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-05 至 2011-06-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7827674
• 关键词: Address; Africa; American; Americas; Animals; Arboviruses; Arthropods; Australia; Binding; Biological; Biological Models; Birds; Calculi; Categories; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Colombia; Colorado; Commerce; Communicable Diseases; Competence; Culex (Genus); Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Disease; Egypt; Emerging Communicable Diseases; Encephalitis; Environment; Epidemiology; Epithelial Cells; Equus caballus; Europe; Event; Evolution; Extinction (Psychology); Flavivirus; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genome; Genotype; Grant; Human; India; Infection; Infectious Diseases Research; Internet; Israel; Italy; Journals; Knowledge; Lead; Madagascar; Medical; Mexico; Middle East; Midgut; Movement; Names; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; New York; New York City; North America; Pathology; Periodicals; Phylogenetic Analysis; Population; Process; Public Health; RNA Viruses; Relative (related person); Replication-Associated Process; Research; Romania; Russia; Shapes; System; Techniques; Testing; Texas; Time; Trees; United States; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Universities; Vaccines; Variant; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Viral; Viral Encephalitis; Virus; Virus Diseases; West Nile viral; West Nile virus; abstracting; biodefense; enzootic; feeding; fitness; genome sequencing; invertebrate host; mortality; pathogen; research study; transmission process; vaccine development; vector; vector mosquito; virology

Grant Number 3R56AI069217-01A2W1 Kramer, Laura ARRA Funding Consideration Abstract Research is proposed to address PA-04-119 Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research Opportunities. WNV is a NIAID Category B priority pathogen. The introduction of a single WNV strain at a relatively well characterized time and place in North America has provided a unique opportunity to prospectively study the evolution of an arthropod-transmitted RNA virus as it adapts to a na�ve ecological niche. While WNV in the Americas remains a relatively homogeneous virus population, a single genotype that differs from the introduced genotype has become dominant throughout North America, and since 2002 has displaced previously existing genotypes in the United States. Our studies suggest that the dominance of this new genotype is most likely facilitated by interactions between the virus and the mosquito host, but possibly also by interactions with natural avian hosts. The range of biological mechanisms that may lead to the displacement of one arboviral genotype with another, however, has not been systematically examined. Accordingly, we will test the hypothesis that dominance of one WNV genotype may result from selective advantages of this genotype in the mosquito. We propose experiments that will determine whether these phenotypic differences are associated with differences at the cellular level in viral replication events. We will determine the point(s) in the WNV replication cycle in critical mosquito vectors that are likely to have been responsible for the observed extinction of one viral genotype as it has been displaced with another in the U.S. Interactions of an arbovirus with both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts impact the intensity of virus transmission and thereby alter the rate of enzootic amplification, genetic stability of the virus, and subsequent viral fitness. Results from these studies will have direct implications on public health by increasing our understanding of the selective processes that shape invasive vector-borne virus populations using WNV as a model system for a vector-borne disease agent introduced into a naive environment. Such knowledge gains added importance in these times of rapid movement of people and commerce and concomitant movement of pathogens. A better understanding of the mechanisms of viral adaptation to naive environments and selection of genotypes in the host, will allow us to anticipate biological events and control introduced agents better.

赠款编号3R56AI069217-01A2W1克莱默，劳拉 ARRA资金考虑 抽象的 提出了研究旨在解决PA-04-119生物探讨和新兴的传染病研究机会。 WNV是B类优先病原体。在北美的时间和地点引入单个WNV菌株已经为前瞻性地研究了一种独特的机会，可以预期研究节肢动物传播的RNA病毒的演变，因为它适应了中殿的生态利基市场。尽管美洲的WNV仍然是相对同质的病毒群体，但与引入的基因型不同的单一基因型在整个北美都占主导地位，自2002年以来，美国已经在美国现有的基因型流离失所。我们的研究表明，这种新基因型的优势很可能是由于病毒与蚊子宿主之间的相互作用制备的，但也可以通过与天然禽宿主的相互作用来制备。但是，尚未系统地检查一系列可能导致一种arboviral基因型位移的生物学机制范围。根据，我们将检验以下假设：一种WNV基因型的优势可能是由于该基因型在蚊子中的选择性优势而产生的。我们提出的实验将确定这些表型差异是否与病毒复制事件中细胞水平的差异有关。我们将确定关键蚊子中WNV复制周期中的点，这些蚊子媒介可能是造成一种病毒基因型的延伸，因为它在美国与arbovirus与脊椎动物和无脊椎动物宿主的静脉内部和遗传性的遗传性均具有enbotity and senzoot rative and senz senzoot rative and senzoot的速度的范围内相互作用，因为它已与另一种基因型相互作用，因此它已流离失所。 健康。这些研究的结果将通过增加对侵入性载体传播病毒种群的选择性过程来直接影响公共卫生，该过程使用WNV作为引入幼稚环境的媒介疾病剂的模型系统。 在这些人，商业的快速流动以及病原体的伴随运动中，这种知识的收益更加重要。更好地理解病毒适应天真环境的机制和宿主中基因型的选择，将使我们能够预测生物学事件并控制介绍的剂。

项目成果

Complexity of virus-vector interactions.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.08.008
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Kramer, Laura D.

Frontiers in climate change-disease research.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.002
• 发表时间: 2011-06
• 期刊: Trends in ecology & evolution
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Rohr JR;Dobson AP;Johnson PT;Kilpatrick AM;Paull SH;Raffel TR;Ruiz-Moreno D;Thomas MB
• 通讯作者: Thomas MB